The Driving Age :: essays research papers

Numerous teenagers are keen on having the option to drive at a more youthful age, yet it is as yet muddled on the off chance that they can deal with it. On the off chance that the lawful driving age is brought down, would we say we are jeopardizing the lives of high schooler drivers, just as the travelers with them? I accept a great many people need to drive when they can. Notwithstanding, as of late the administration has been attempting to pass laws that may change the current driving age of 16. There are sure and negative perspectives to changing the laws that permit the driving age to remain at 16.There have been new bills being recommended that bug be passed. â€Å"The Minister for Urban Services has presented a Bill (proposed law) into the Assembly. He needs to change the Road Transport (Driver Licensing) Act 2000. The new Bill is known as the Driving Age Amendment Bill. This Bill is expected to raise the age at which individuals can apply for a learner’s grant and driv er’s license.† (Legislative Assembly). This bill will raise the driving age on the off chance that it is passed yet the parts of what will happen ought to be considered before we change it. There are a wide range of reasons why we should keep it at 16. Leading it’s a decent working framework that we have followed for quite a while. Another valid justification that helps this idea is that the young people are still in school so it’s simpler for them to take drivers preparing. On the off chance that there are more drivers that eventually imply that more individuals will be paying for protection. There are additionally the reasons why we should transform it from 16. Like for occurrences most multi year olds aren’t capable enough to drive. â€Å"The realities show that more youthful drivers (those between ages 16 and 25) get more references, are bound to have their driving benefit suspended, and are liable for additional mishaps than drivers in some ot her age group.† (Dr. Steven Evans). Another explanation is that it’s a significant expense own a vehicle when they are bringing in so minimal expenditure. If we somehow happened to raise the driving age it would undoubtedly be changed to 18. The best explanations behind raising it to 18 would presumably be that they are progressively capable. â€Å"Children are not prepared to deal with these vehicles, which are hard for even an accomplished, grown-up driver to handle.† (Ron Shaffer) They have More cash due to there occupations and on the off chance that you leave from home you need a permit.

Determining Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Essay Example

Deciding Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Example Deciding Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Deciding Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Bookkeeping data dependent on the monetary investigations for outline, are extremely significant for the worry owners as they can flexibly varying data whether by quantitatively or even subjectively. From the financial investigation, we can get the data by pull excursion them from the bookkeeping system, for example, recording, inclusion and monetary minutess. Bookkeeping data is one of the apparatus for the man of undertakings as they can use it to better their organization s conspire open introduction and articulation for approaches to better current concern tasks. Moreover, they other than can make their end that is expanding the net gain however with limit cost. Monetary bookkeeping ordinarily speaks to the organization s open introduction, whole financial minutess, for example, net, cost, disbursals in the financial articulation and resources and liabilities to be determined sheet. The heading as often as possible set up this financial data to reevaluate how great their organization creates overall gains from the whole of concern outgos. From this data, they will do a spending plan for the accompanying twelvemonth running expense. Bookkeeping data has quantitative and subjective highlights. Quantitative highlights are the calculation of monetary minutess while subjective highlights incorporate the organization s detected significance of financial data. The heading especially the best one much of the time require financial data when doing concern conclusions. Mistaken data can hold a significant effect on the dynamic or do the bearing to foul up examinations about their organizations. Subjective Features Subjective research assembles data that is non in numerical form.A Qualitative data is typically engaging informations in this way it is more diligently to break down than quantitative informations. Figure 1 shows the subjective highlights, introduced in order signifier of their detected significance. The boss point of convergence, as expressed in the main develop articulation is onA assurance utility that is the capacity to be utile in assurance making.A The criticalness of fathomability is clients must comprehend the data or insight inside the setting of the dynamic. This is a client explicit quality since clients will vary in their capacity to grok any arrangement of data Figure: Hierarchy of Desirable Features of Accounting Information Figure 1 Essential Qualitative Features For essential assurance, the basic characteristics that make bookkeeping data utile are ( one ) significance and ( two ) reliability. No undertaking how trustworthy the data are yet non pertinent to the assurance at manus, it is as yet pointless. Contrariwise, applicable data is of little worth in the event that it can non be depended on. The following are the constituents that make those characteristics attractive: I ) Relevance So as to do a distinction in the assurance methodology, data must have prognostic worth. Typically, utile data will have both of the characteristics. For outline, if net gain and its constituents confirm speculator standpoints about future positive income capacity, so net gain has criticism esteem for financial specialists. Opportunity is other than one of the of import constituents of pertinence. Data is considered as opportunely when it is accessible to clients each piece in the blink of an eye as conceivable to give the data to be utilized access the assurance method. The essential for convenient data necessitates that organizations give data to outside clients, for example, the speculator on an occasional balance. The Security Commission ( SC ) requires its registrants that is the organizations to subject monetary articulation data non only on a one-year balance, yet quarterly for the initial 75% of each money related twelvemonth exorbitantly. two ) Dependability Constancy is the point to which data is indifferent, evident, what's more authentically devoted. Undeniable nature implies an agreement among various measurers. For case, the chronicled cost of a land parcel to be accounted for in a critical position sheet is regularly incredibly obvious. The expense can be followed to a managing, the acquisition of the land. In any case, the market financial estimation of that land is considerably more difficult to check. The term objectiveness as often as possible connected to certainty. The authentic expense of that land is equitable yet the land s showcase esteem is emotional as it is affected by the measurer s past experience and biases. An emotional estimating is hard to check, which makes it all the more difficult for clients to trust on. Illustrative constancy exists when there is a comprehension between a stage and the wonder it implies to depict. For outline, expect that the term stock rundown in an accounting report of a retail organization is comprehended by outside clients to represent focuses that are planned available to be purchased in the standard class of concern. On the off chance that stock rundown incorporates machines that are bring forthing the stock rundown, so it needs illustrative loyalty. Dependability expect the data being depended on is indifferent as to parties perchance influenced whether they are the interior or outer gatherings. In this manner, lack of bias is very identified with the commencement of bookkeeping standards. Bookkeeping measures ought to be set up with generally speaking social closures and explicit points in head and ought to stay away from partialities by endeavor non to lean toward impossible to miss gatherings or organizations. The characteristics of importance and constancy often struggle with one another. For case, an overall gain forecast gave by the removal of an organization may have a high evaluation of importance to speculators and loan bosses who are trying to prognosticate future hard money streams. In any case, an expectation needfully contains abstraction in the examination of moving toward occasions. Optional Qualitative Features With respect to the optional subjective, the highlights are ( one ) examination and ( two ) consistence and they are of import for assurance formulating. Similarity is the capacity to help clients see likenesses and contrasts among occasions and conditions. Firmly associated with correlation is the feeling that consistence of bookkeeping designs over clasp licenses substantial evaluations between various time periods. The prognostic and input estimation of data can simply be upgraded if clients can think about the open introduction of an organization all through the clasp. Quantitative Features Figure 2 shows the sorts of quantitative data in bookkeeping. Figure 2 Quantitative data is data which is communicated in figures or Numberss. For outline, a deal managing can be communicated in figure when Jacob bought merchandise from the worry. To be increasingly explicit, the managing can be communicated as Jacob bought merchandise from the worry for RM2, 000. Bookkeeping data is the data which can be communicated in financial whole. Under it are the three boss constituents which are: I ) Financial data Financial data is bookkeeping data that can be utile for chiefs or other outer gatherings for assurance contriving. two ) Operating data Working data are data which are required to cognize every day runing minutess. three ) Management data The executives data is the data which is intended for the chiefs of the organization simply. Subjective informations is non equitable in this way it can non be dependably confirmed. In actuality, quantitative informations can be checked much of the time by observing the grounds on paper that the data is precise. For representation, an organization s data framework recorded that one of their customer said that they loved the soul of the ice pick in vanilla. The data client would happen it extremely difficult to turn out that that customer really said that. On the different manus, the expense of common stuffs entered in the bookkeeping records can be demonstrated against the data on the bills got from the suppliers. Be that as it may, the bearing ought to non reduce them from treating financial and other quantitative informations. They should be progressively adaptable, intense to include fresh starts of informations that can empower them to flexibly better data. Section 2 ( two ) Choice conceiving is the idea strategy of picking a legitimate pick from the accessible alternatives. When looking to do a decent assurance, an individual must weight the positives and negatives of every choice, and see all the alternatives. For adequate assurance concocting, an individual must have the option to ascertain the consequence of every choice each piece great, and dependent on every one of these focuses, figure out which alternative is the best for that impossible to miss situation. Figure 3 shows the six stairss taken so as to do conclusions. Figure 3 Measure 1: Identifying the activity The vast majority of import measure in any assurance conceiving strategy is portraying why a pick is called for and putting the most needed impacts of the assurance contriving technique. The principal thing that requirements to make is region the hidden activity that must be settled. After the assurance has been made, the pined for result must be expressed unmistakably. This is one of the great approaches to get down since by saying your finishes would help you in clear uping the thoughts. Measure 2: Determining interchange classs of activity The situation of doing a pick emerges in light of the fact that there are numerous substitutes accessible for it. Subsequently, the accompanying measure after the most punctual 1 is to territory out the alternatives accessible for that situation. The way in to this measure is: make non confine or abridge yourself to common choices or what has worked previously yet to be detached to new and better alternatives. This is imperative as the arrangements some of the time can come out from these out-of-the-case contemplations. So as to work out this j

an Easter vigil

an Easter vigil A cold and biting wind claws its way across campus, and a motley congregation gathered in the East Campus courtyard huddles together slightly closer. A man stands on the stage, a banner fluttering behind him. The banner says Live at EC. EC is short for East Campus. I do not know if live means verb, to live, or live, as in concurrently, alive, simultaneously, this-broadcast-is-live. I live at EC, on the second floor of the east parallel. In a window on the second floor, behind the man standing on the stage, a girl changes into a dress and back into a t-shirt. I do not know her. The man on the stage insists that he is not here to performhe is simply here to be himself. The musicians behind him slow jam while he vivaciously reads a testimony to the salvation he finds in God. It is the night before Easter. We are in the in-between, says another man, later that night. We rush too quickly from Jesus death to Jesus resurrection because we are uncomfortable with the uncertain temporariness of Jesus three-day decease. He pauses to let us feel the in-between. We are inside now. The second mans name is Christian. He says that remembering is like remembering a test question, but before that, remembering meant placing yourself in the remembered event. It meant immersion. It meant feeling the heat of the sun, hearing Jesus gasping for air and choking out his last words, flinching from the soldiers fists and the crowds condemning voice. Christian comes from Harvard. To help us remember, he reenacts the passion of Christ as a one-man show, from the Garden of Gesthemane until the tomb is sealed by Joseph of Arimathea. He wheezes, whispers, spits, and screams as Jesus did, or as Pilate did, or as Peter did. He stops before the resurrection, in the in-between. It is not Easter yet, only the night before EasterEaster Vigil. I miss every Easter Triduum service hosted by the Tech Catholic Community. On Holy Thursday I am in class. On Good Friday I have an exam. On Easter Vigil I am here. The chicken and rice prepared by the hospitality team is warm, and delicious. It is the only food I eat all day. I am asked to emcee for part of the concert. I gel my hair and put on a tie. Dress code is happy colors. I wear white. The performers I announce are talentedincredibly so. Some come from Berklee. They are singer-songwriters, voice principals, Christians. One has navy-blue hair. She plays the guitar and sings with a navy-blue voice. A man in a denim jacket plays a green violin. I cant feel my fingers, he laughs. Thats okay, though. He performs a medley that ends with Michael Jacksons P.Y.T. Passersby pause, curious. Two police cars patrol unassumingly in the street. I talk to a girl from Tanzania and remark offhandedly that there will be a lunar eclipse later tonight. The full moon will bleed crimson-red for three hours before returning to its usual white. She is surprised and asks if that is the reason for the concert. I tell her that the reason for the concert is not the lunar eclipse. The reason for the concert is Easter. The lunar eclipse is a convenient metaphor. Im so happy this is happening, says another passerby, who is also my friend and hallmate. We dance to Rather Be by Clean Bandit, covered by Nahid. Next to me, five people huddled in a beige blanket dance in tandem, like a hot potato. I talk to people that I have not seen recently and ask how they are doing. It is cold outside, but the people are warm and the mood is celebratory. Before the concert, the volunteers and performers gather in Talbot Lounge and pray. They pray for salvation, for MIT, for a burning revolution in campus spiritualism, for people to know God, for strength against demons and idols. Our demons and idols no longer look like Satan or Baal; they are intellectualism, schoolwork, careers, meritocracy, stress, depression, despair, suicide. An MIT freshman who lives three floors above me sings a song she wrote for Matthew and for Christina. Later in Talbot Lounge, when the stage has moved inside because the wind outside is too cold, the Berklee musicians end their set with an acoustic guitar-and-violin cover of Katy Perrys California Gurls. We laugh and sing. There are warm drinks. My boots are covered in mud, but I sit on the floor and unzip my jacket. The music is alive, and so am I, and so, I suppose, is MIT. For where two or three are gathered in my name, there I am among them Matthew 18:20.

Fossil Fuel versus Solar Power Where the Line Meets the...

Fossil Fuel versus Solar Power: Where the Line Meets the Circle There are a number of benefits to building a house that utilizes direct solar energy as compared to current conventional designs, which are largely powered and heated by energy from fossil fuels. According to a number of estimates, it is actually cheaper in the long term to incorporate solar energy into building design. Solar energy is far cleaner than fossil fuel derived energy, and therefore is far less impacting on the health of humans and the environment. There are a number of innovative technologies that have been developed for nearly every application of solar energy, thus making its use comparably convenient to fossil fuel use, but with greater assurance of†¦show more content†¦With approximately ninety-nine percent of species that have existed on Earth already extinct, it is clear that individual species typically do not exist for an extended period on the geological time scale. (Gould, 2000) While it is immediately more expensive to incorporate solar design techniques in building a home, once a solar structure is in place it essentially pays for itself. After the initial cost of building and supply, all solar energy sequestered is free of charge, with the exception of periodic maintenance. This seems far more appealing than the ever present and increasing costs associated with fossil fuel dependency. One further cost especially deserving of mention is the environmental cost associated with fossil fuel use versus that of solar energy sequestration. Through widespread use of fossil fuels humans are responsible for the current global warming event. With the enormous output of carbon dioxide associated with fossil fuel consumption, it is no small wonder that there have been drastic environmental changes on the global scale. The sharp increase in carbon dioxide levels present in the atmosphere around the planet has caused significant disruption of planetary energy flows. This has led to melting of the polar ice caps, sea level rise, change in seasonal and weather patterns, and more. Another phenomenon associated with fossil fuel use,Show MoreRelatedThe Uk And Scottish Governments3456 Words   |  14 Pagescollides with the finite nature of fossil energy resources, now the main source of energy globally, and with the shortage of other resources needed to produce, transport or consume energy. This lack of resources is already leading to significant increases in prices, and more, at high price volatility, with corresponding negative effects on the global economy and in different countries, depending on their exposure or dependence energy (Meadowcroft, 2009). Moreover, fossil energy resources are also contributingRead MoreEmerging Issues in Marketing10554 Words   |  43 PagesIMPORTANCE OF GREEN MARKETING: Man has limited resources on the earth, with which she/he must attempt to provide for the worlds unlimited wants. There is extensive debate as to whether the earth is a resource at mans disposal.. In market societies where there is freedom of choice, it has generally been accepted that individuals and organizations have the right to attempt to have their wants satisfied. As firms face limited natural resources, they must develop new or alternative ways of satisfyingRead MoreStrategy Management18281 Words   |  74 Pagesincludes strategy material that has stood the test of time (such as, the resourcebased view and Porter’s five forces model) as well as up-to-date strategy material and current research (such as the dynamic capabilities perspective and the triple bottom line). The book also includes student-accessible coverage of strategic management research. It draws on articles published in the leading academic journals (for instance, Strategic Management Journal, Acad emy of Management Journal/Review, Organization ScienceRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesPrinted in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08 07 ExamView  ® and ExamView Pro  ® are registered trademarks of FSCreations, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation used herein under license. Macintosh and Power Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Used herein under license. Library of Congress Control Number: 2006933904 Student Edition: ISBN-13: 978-0-495-11873-2 ISBN-10: 0-495-11873-7 ââ€"   To my nephews, Jesse and Luke SmidtRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas

Weather and Environment Impacts in Brazil Essay - 747 Words

Weather and Environment Impacts in Brazil Manaus is a remote town located in a rainforest, so obviously there is a large influence by the weather on the environment around Manaus. Yearly it receives about 84 inches of rainfallinches of rainfall leading to the first environmental impact of the weather: flooding. Manaus is located near the junction of two major rivers, the Rio Negro and the Rio Solimoes, which combine slightly to the east of Manaus to from the Amazon river. The land is relatively flat, and therefore serves as a flood basin for the rivers. The average yearly fall of the river may be around 33 feet (1). The flooding is a risk to humans in that it may threaten the city and homes, but there is also important ecological†¦show more content†¦The flooding in Amazonia may possibly increase in the coming decades if climate change predictions play out as forecasted. There is an expectation that severe weather events will become more common and more intense, something of particular concern to an area which is cl assified as rainforest (Lamb, Somerville, IPCC). Erosion may increase and more land areas used by humans may become inundated. There is the concern that the historical fixes such as the dam may overflow due to the increased detritus and rainfall combinations. A second area that was just mentioned was erosion. Soil is strongly affected by the weather and environment in the Amazon. Because the area receives so much rain it has a history of farming. The problem becomes that any nutrients provided by the rain are usually absorbed immediately by the trees where they remain tied up. Cutting the trees down to allow nutrient build-up in the soil has its own issues. Studies have found that removal of forest affects cloud cover (Durieux Et al. 2003). Convection currents may change resulting in seasons becoming more pronounced. The study noted that this was not theoretical – the changes were already underway in deforested areas (Durieux Et al. 2003). Forest are necessary to combat erosion, and with these more pronounced (and potentially more intense) weather events there is a chance that flood rates, erosion and other factors will be much more intense (Bruijnzeel, 2004). A finalShow MoreRelatedPlanting Date Tailored For Enso Based Climate Variability Risk Using Cropgro Soybean Model1056 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Brazil has become the second-largest producer of soybean in the world after the United States. Projections to the year 2020 indicate the country’s soybean production will increase to 105 million tons, mainly due to Brazil’s large expanse of arable land with potential to be used for agriculture. This expansion of soybean production will occur mainly in the North and Northeast parts of the country (Viana et al., 2013). For example, in the past decade the Para State, Northern Brazil, has seenRead MoreEffects Of Deforestation On The Amazon Rain Forest1196 Words   |  5 Pagesclearing of trees. With the increase of trees being cleared the environment aspects have changed such as the carbon cycle, water cycle, soil moisture, and climate change. The Amazon rain forest has been struggling deforestation for a very long time that it has affected the carbon cycle, water cycle, and most importantly the climate change. The climate change plays an important role not just in the forest but also in the industrial environment. Climate change and the widespread of forest deforestationRead MoreStrategic Asset Allocation Has Proved That It Improves Investors Returns And Reduces Portfolio Risk1406 Words   |  6 Pagesoutlook is not certain either, with the US with a controversial president-elect and UK exiting the EU, we still have a lot to endure. However, if we have to pick a base case, we would choose a rebound in global economy due to countries such as Russia, Brazil and Argentina. What is bothering most analysts is the US election, and it’s something no one can overlook. We are looking at a 2017 with new leadership at the Fed (Yellen’s leadership ends in 2018), trade policy and fiscal policies. Although there’sRead MoreCause And Effect Of Deforestation1259 Words   |  6 Pagesrapid deforestation, there is little that can be done in order to help the environment. The constant destruction of the rainforests will only destroy the atmosphere, the environment, the life in theses ecosystems, and ultimately the world. Forests help relieve the effects of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions, on the other hand the effects of deforestation is an increased greenhouse gas emissions that not only impacts the forests but also the ecosystems around in which life resides. AccordingRead MoreHow successful can the management of fragile environments be, given the constant and increasing demand for their exploitation?1710 Words   |  7 PagesHow successful can the management of fragile environments be, given the constant and increasing demand for their exploitation? A fragile environment is an area where the flora and fauna have adapted to a specific climate and evolved to occupy many different niches due to extremely high competition for resources. Furthermore due to the constant abiotic conditions, specialisation and symbiotic relationships have occurred to such a degree that even the slightest ecological or environmental disruptionRead MoreChile s Economic Impact On The Philippines Essay1004 Words   |  5 Pagesattributes. Because of Chile’s growing environment, tourism has gone up; therefore Chile has put more importance on the Service sector (Tertiary Sector). Tertiary sector is Chile is a South American country located between the Andes and the North Pacific Ocean. Because it is the longest north south country in the world, it is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire as well. Chile’s capital is Santiago. Because it is has a very long coastline, the weather in Chile is always changing. It is said thatRead MoreThe Use Of Gmo Foods1145 Words   |  5 Pagesexpression of genes related to chronic diseases. In a few cases, it has also improved the quality and nutrition of foods by altering their composition. However, the use of biotechnology has also raised concerns about its potential risks to the environment and humans health. For example, some people fear that common plant pests could develop resistance to the introduced pesticides in GM crops that were supposed to combat them. Genetic engineering provides a means to introduce genes into plants viaRead MorePrice Determination for Exchange Traded Commodity and Forecasting Prices1020 Words   |  4 Pages the total soybean produced in India. The United States., Brazil, Argentina, India and China are the worlds largest soybean producers and they represent more than 90% of world soybean production. The U.S. exported over approximate 90% of the worlds soybeans production. By 2005, the top soybeans importers European Union (22%), China (41% of world soybean imports), Japan (6%) and Mexico (6%) and Exporters were United States (37%), Brazil (16%), and Argentina (39%) of world soybean exports. TheRead MoreHydro Electric Power1518 Words   |  7 Pagesrenewable, no-emission power source, it is not without its environmental impacts. Currently the most widely used type of renewable energy, hydroelectricity accounts for over 20% of the worlds electricity. In Canada it constitutes for over 60 per cent of its power. Canada is the world leader of hydroelectricity production producing 353,000 GWh in 2002. This is followed by the U.S., which produced 300,000 GWh, followed by Brazil, China, Russia, and then Norway. However the energy produced is not representativeRead MoreSugarcane Market Analysis By Jack Phillips Jones985 Words   |  4 PagesPhillips-Jones(100653583),Khondeker (Rafi) Hossain (100575896), Wade Russell (100588373)  1.0 Executive Summary:  Table of Contents î ¿ ¿1.0 Executive Summary: Table of Contents 2.0 Industry Analysis: 3.0 Environmental Factors: 3.1 Natural Factors: 3.1.1 Weather: 3.1.2 Soil Erosion: 3.1.3 Pollution: 3.2 Cultural Factors - Australia moving away from sugar 3.3 Political Factors - Sugar Tax 3.4 Media Publics 4.0 Conclusion: 5.0 References:î ¿ ¾  2.0 Industry Analysis: The Sugarcane industry in Australia started

The Secret Circle The Divide Chapter 5 Free Essays

When Cassie arrived at Old Town Hall, the sun was shining down on the carnival as booths and tables were being set up for the evening’s festivities. She searched for her mom among the volunteers so she could help her put up the decorations they’d finally finished making late last night. Old Town Hall was one of the earliest municipal buildings in New Salem. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 5 or any similar topic only for you Order Now When it had been in use, it housed all the town’s federal offices. The surrounding area was designed to be an outdoor market, but these days it was mostly used as a public art space and, of course, to host yearly spring and fall festivals. â€Å"Hey, Cassie.† Laurel appeared carrying a tray of tulip bulbs that was nearly twice her size. She dropped it onto a nearby table and waved a few sweaty strands of hair away from her pixielike face. â€Å"Are you psyched for tonight’s festival?† â€Å"Sure,† Cassie said unconvincingly. â€Å"Well, you should be,† Laurel said. â€Å"The spring equinox is important to us as witches.† She looked to her left and then to her right to be sure nobody had heard her. And then, as Cassie expected, she launched into a history lesson. History and botany lessons were pretty much mandatory when talking to Laurel. You either loved her for it or you had the urge to tape her mouth shut, but for now Cassie humored her. humored her. â€Å"Like many traditions in New Salem, the origin of the spring festival has roots in paganism,† Laurel said. â€Å"This festival used to be called Ostara’s Festival, and it was a holiday to celebrate the Goddess waking from her winter slumber. It was a time when our ancestors honored the balance of all things, the physical with the spiritual. The old books said it was a time to plant seeds in the garden, as well as a time to plant the seeds of desired manifestation.† â€Å"But what does that mean?† Cassie asked. â€Å"It means it’s a time to start new projects and put new plans into action.† Laurel picked up her tray with a grunt and began to walk away. â€Å"It’s something to get excited about,† she said over her shoulder. Cassie let her eyes wander around the square. In every booth was a local merchant offering samples of food or drink, or the chance to bid on some item up for auction. Local bands were setting up their equipment on a ramshackle stage. The whole event had simply become a backdrop for the kickoff of the tourist season. But still, Cassie thought she should embrace it. It was a celebration of sorts, like Laurel said. Cassie found her mother on the far side of the square, stapling paper daffodils along a wooden baseboard. Across from her, Cassie saw Melanie and Constance setting up their jewelry booth. Melanie’s smooth cap of chestnut hair was pulled neatly back, while Constance’s gray mane feathered madly in the wind. They were quite a pair; Melanie was tall and beautiful and prepossessing, and Constance was shrunken and slumped over, bossily calling Constance was shrunken and slumped over, bossily calling out commands with her wrinkled pointer finger. But the love and compassion between them was palpable, and the jewelry they designed was a physical product of that love. Melanie had told Cassie that the local townspeople didn’t have a real understanding of crystals, but that didn’t matter. Their jewelry made for pretty conversation pieces, and Aunt Constance really appreciated the extra cash. Cassie waved to Melanie from afar and then spotted Diana. She was wearing all white, and the way the sun was striking her blonde hair, it appeared almost white, too. My God, Cassie thought, Diana is literally shimmering like an angel. And appropriately, she was helping with the charity raffle this year. In fact, she’d organized it. Sometimes Cassie wondered if there was anything Diana couldn’t do. Cassie gave her mom a signal to let her know she’d be right there and then headed over to the raffle table to say hello to Diana. She’d felt so distant from Diana lately, she thought stopping by would be a nice gesture. Maybe even a first step in clearing the air between them. Cassie understood the distance was because she spent most of her free time with Adam these days. How could that not make things weird, when not so long ago it used to be Diana who spent all her time with Adam? But in spite of all that, when Diana noticed Cassie coming her way now, she couldn’t have offered her a more heartfelt greeting. She dropped her clipboard onto the table and jogged across the square to meet Cassie halfway. â€Å"I’m so glad you’re here,† she said. â€Å"Your mother’s decorations look fantastic.† â€Å"Thanks,† Cassie said, and then hesitated. She hadn’t known she was going to do this, but in the moment it felt right. â€Å"Can we talk?† she asked. Without waiting for an answer, she took Diana’s hand tightly in her own and led her to the side of the square, where there was a long stone bench they could sit on without the risk of anyone overhearing their conversation. â€Å"There’s something I have to tell you,† Cassie said. Diana’s green eyes narrowed with concern, but she sat down, as instructed. Cassie sat across from her, anxiously rubbing her fingers along the bench’s stone surface. â€Å"I’ve been feeling so bad,† she said. â€Å"For all the awkwardness.† Diana smiled wide. â€Å"Kind of like right now?† â€Å"Yeah.† Cassie felt herself blush. â€Å"I guess I am being kind of awkward right now. It’s just that I know how close you and Adam were, and the sacrifice you made, and – † Diana cut Cassie off mid-sentence. â€Å"Cassie, I know. I really do. And it has been hard at times, but I think we’ve all grown used to it a lot faster than you have.† She put her hands on Cassie’s shoulders and gave her a little shake. â€Å"There are no hard feelings. Honestly. It’s you who’s making it hard, for yourself.† Cassie’s eyes filled with tears, and she realized Diana was right. She had been making things unnecessarily difficult. This was supposed to be a new beginning. Everywhere around her, people were embracing change while she clung on to old hurts and past fears. â€Å"Does this mean we can hang out more?† she asked. â€Å"I sure hope so!† Diana brought her in for a hug, and when Cassie closed her eyes, everything felt just right. A new beginning, she thought to herself again. Now she really would be able to enjoy the festival. Together she and Diana walked through the square, arm in arm, back to the raffle table. Cassie didn’t want their renewed closeness to end, but she had work to do. â€Å"I’d better go help my mom,† she said, and was about to walk away when a girl approached her. The girl had long waves of bright red hair and wore high black boots that caught on the hem of her slip dress. â€Å"Excuse me,† she said. â€Å"I’m looking for the bed-and-breakfast that’s supposed to be right around here.† She was about the same height and build as Cassie, and her eyes were a very dark brown, almost black. Diana pointed west. â€Å"It’s about a two-minute walk that way.† The girl gripped the handle of her overstuffed suitcase and stood gawking at them, as if she were hoping for more. â€Å"I’m Scarlett,† she said, offering her free hand to Diana. Diana introduced herself and Cassie, and then asked, â€Å"Are you visiting from out of town?† â€Å"Not visiting. I just moved here.† Scarlett bit at her fingernail, which was covered in chipped black nail polish. â€Å"I’m only staying at the B and B for now, if I ever find it.† Diana raised her eyebrows. â€Å"Moving to a new town with only one suitcase, that’s very impressive.† Scarlett laughed uncomfortably like she wasn’t sure if Diana was playfully teasing or rudely making fun of her. Cassie wasn’t entirely sure either. She knew Diana well enough to sense that she had her guard up around this stranger. â€Å"Will you be going to New Salem High?† Diana asked. Scarlett shook her head. â€Å"I graduated early. I’m working on the docks for the summer.† â€Å"I see,† Diana said, in a tone dripping with judgment. Diana got like this around Outsiders sometimes. Cassie knew she didn’t mean to be impolite; in fact, she probably wasn’t even aware of it. It was an unconscious self-righteousness that came from always knowing she was special. But Cassie knew what growing up average was like, and she’d once been the new girl in town. She sympathized with how awful and alienated Scarlett probably felt right now. â€Å"Well, thank you for the directions,† Scarlett said. â€Å"It was nice meeting you.† â€Å"Wait.† Cassie had the sudden urge to remedy Diana’s inhospitable welcome. â€Å"You should come to the festival tonight. It’s right here; you can’t miss it.† Scarlett giggled in a way that made her sound like a little girl, and Cassie couldn’t help but join in. There was something refreshing about her. â€Å"We just met, and already you’re taking a shot at my poor sense of direction?† Then her face warmed. â€Å"I’d love to come, thank you.† â€Å"Great,† Cassie said. â€Å"Then we’ll see you later.† Cassie watched Scarlett walk away, and Diana picked up her clipboard from the table. â€Å"That was neighborly of you,† she said. â€Å"What do you mean?† â€Å"You know.† Diana scrutinized her list of things to do, flipping through its many pages. â€Å"Considerate, gregarious.† â€Å"I know what neighborly means, but what do you mean?† Diana set the clipboard down and rolled her pen back and forth in her fingers while analyzing Cassie’s expression. â€Å"You saw something in her, didn’t you? What was it?† Cassie should have known there was never getting anything past Diana. It was true, she had seen something in Scarlett, but she wasn’t sure what. Cassie felt a tingle travel up her spine and down her arms, all the way to her fingers. It was an excitement she couldn’t place. â€Å"I’m really not sure. But I think it was something good.† â€Å"Well, that’s pleasant news for a change,† Diana said. â€Å"Tell me about it.† â€Å"Maybe it was her hair dye drawing you in.† â€Å"Be nice,† Cassie said. â€Å"I’m not being mean,† Diana said naughtily. â€Å"It made me want to drink a glass of wild cherry Kool-Aid. I love that stuff.† Then the two of them broke into loud, uninhibited laughter, the way they used to. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 5, Essay examples

Depletion of Non Renewable Resources of Energy free essay sample

Eventually natural resources will become too costly to harvest and humanity will need to find other sources of energy. At present, the main energy source used by humans are non-renewable fossil fuels, as a result of continual use since the first  internal combustion engine  in the 17th century, the fuel is still in high demand with conventional  infrastructure  fitted with the combustion engine. Non-renewable resources of energy Coal Coal  is  a  fossil  fuel. That means it comes from the remains of ancient life buried deep in Earth’s crust. The coal we use today started out as plants that grew in swamps millions of years ago. When the plants died, they settled to the swamp bottom. Over time, layers of mud and rock formed. They compressed and hardened the plant material. Heat and pressure caused chemical changes. Gradually, the once-living matter became coal. Coal,  a  combustible  organic rock composed primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Coal is burned to produce energy and is used to manufacture steel. It is also an important source of chemicals used to make medicine, fertilizers, pesticides, and other products. Coal comes from ancient plants buried over millions of years in Earth’s crust, its outermost layer. Coal, petroleum, natural gas, and oil shale are all known as fossil fuels because they come from the remains of ancient life buried deep in the crust. Petroleum Petroleum,  or  crude  oil,  naturally occurring oily, bituminous liquid composed of various organic chemicals. It is found in large quantities below the surface of Earth and is used as a fuel and as a raw material in the chemical industry. Modern industrial societies use it primarily to achieve a degree of mobility—on land, at sea, and in the air—that was barely imaginable less than 100 years ago. In addition, petroleum and its derivatives are used in the manufacture of medicines and fertilizers, foodstuffs, plastics, building materials, paints, and cloth and to generate electricity. Crude oil is a mixture of substances called hydrocarbons. They’re called hydrocarbons because they are made up of the elements hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons give off a lot of energy when they burn. That’s why they make good fuels. They also can be combined with other elements in many ways to make different products. Crude  oil  forms  under Earth’s surface. It forms from the remains of sea animals and plants. When these living things die, they sink to the sea bottom. Over millions of years, they form a thick layer. The layer can get buried under sand and rock. Pressure and high temperatures inside the planet change it into oil and natural gas. Natural gas Natural Gas is  flammable  gaseous  mixture consisting mostly of hydrocarbons. Along with coal and petroleum, natural gas is a fossil fuel. Natural gas may contain as much as 85 percent methane (CH4) and about 10 percent ethane (C2H6), and also contains smaller amounts of propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), pentane (C5H12), and other alkanes. Natural gas, which is usually found together with petroleum deposits in Earth’s crust, is extracted and refined into fuels that provide approximately 25 percent of the world energy supply. Natural gas is created by two mechanisms: biogenic and thermogenic. Biogenic gas is created by  methanogenic  organisms in  marshes,  bogs,  landfills, and shallow sediments. Deeper in the earth, at greater temperature and pressure, thermogenic gas is created from buried organic material. Depletion of non renewable resources of energy Fossil Fuels form over millions of years when animals and plants die and decay. There are three forms of fossil fuels solid called coal, liquid called petroleum or oil, and gas called natural gas. Use of fossil fuels outnumbers the production and extraction of it which is used to power cars and factories. 90% of the U. S. s energy comes from oil. The solution is to use other sources of energy, but we already are too dependent on fossil fuel to back away from its usage. Fossil Fuels are the biggest cause of pollution in the world, producing soot and other harmful gases. It takes a million years to produce the amount of fossil fuels the people of earth use in a single year Energy can be drawn from the sun, water, and wind to produce a clean form of energy. Coal is a very clean source of energy. Energy also comes from biomass, electrical storage, and nuclear energy. Coal is a very good source of energy, but when it is burned it produces much more pollutants than any   other fossil fuel. Coal-Coal depletion  is the inescapable result of extracting and consuming  coal  since it is a nonrenewable natural resource. The number of years of coal left is estimated by the ratio of proven coal reserves to the current consumption rate. Assuming the current rate of consumption and that there are still an estimated 909 billion tones of proven  coal reserves worldwide, there is enough coal to last at least 155 years (assuming the rate of consumption remains the same) . Peak coal  is the point in time at which the maximum global coal production rate is reached, after which, according to the theory, the rate of production will enter to a terminal decline. Coal  is a  fossil fuel  formed from plant matter over the course of millions of years. It is a finite resource and thus considered to be a  non-renewable energy  source. Petroleum- Petroleum depletion  occurs in the second half of the  production curve  of an  oil well,  oil field, or the average of total world  oil  production. The  Hubbert peak theory  makes predictions of production rates based on prior discovery rates and anticipated production rates. Hubbert curves  predict that the production curves of non-renewing resources approximate a  bell curve. Thus, when the  peak of production  is passed, production rates enter an  exponential decline. The worlds oil supply is fixed because petroleum is  naturally formed  far too slowly to be replaced at the rate at which it is being extracted. Over many millions of years,  plankton,  bacteria, and other plant and animal matter become buried in sediments on the ocean floor. When conditions are right – a lack of oxygen for decomposition, and sufficient depth and temperature of burial – these organic remains are converted into petroleum compounds, while the sediment accompanying them is converted into sandstone, siltstone, and other porous sedimentary rock. When capped by mpermeable rocks such as shale, salt, or igneous intrusions, they form the petroleum reservoirs which are exploited today. Natural gas-Natural Gas depletion  is the inescapable result of extracting and consuming  natural gas  since it is a nonrenewable natural resource. The number of years of natural gas left is estimated by the ratio of proven natural gas reserves to the current consumpt ion rate. According to the Energy Information Agency,  the world in 2005 had about 60 years of natural gas left. However, the relevance of worldwide figures is questioned since unlike oil relatively little gas is shipped across the oceans. If one compares proven North American reserves versus North American consumption, one gets only 11 years. Conservation Energy conservation  refers to efforts made to reduce energy consumption. Energy conservation can be achieved through increased  efficient energy use, in conjunction with decreased  energy consumption  and/or reduced consumption from conventional energy sources. An energy conservation act was passed on 2001. Energy conservation can result in increased  financial capital,  environmental  quality,  national security,  personal security, and  human comfort. Individuals and organizations that are direct  consumers  of energy choose to conserve energy to reduce energy costs and promote  economic security. Industrial and commercial users can increase energy use efficiency to maximize  profit. Conclusion Non renewable sources of energy are getting depleted day by day. We must do something to conserve the non renewable sources. Natural resources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas  take thousands of years to form naturally and cannot be replaced as fast as they are being consumed. We must use other sources such as wind, water, sun etc. These resources must be conserved.