The Driving Age :: essays research papers

Numerous teenagers are keen on having the option to drive at a more youthful age, yet it is as yet muddled on the off chance that they can deal with it. On the off chance that the lawful driving age is brought down, would we say we are jeopardizing the lives of high schooler drivers, just as the travelers with them? I accept a great many people need to drive when they can. Notwithstanding, as of late the administration has been attempting to pass laws that may change the current driving age of 16. There are sure and negative perspectives to changing the laws that permit the driving age to remain at 16.There have been new bills being recommended that bug be passed. â€Å"The Minister for Urban Services has presented a Bill (proposed law) into the Assembly. He needs to change the Road Transport (Driver Licensing) Act 2000. The new Bill is known as the Driving Age Amendment Bill. This Bill is expected to raise the age at which individuals can apply for a learner’s grant and driv er’s license.† (Legislative Assembly). This bill will raise the driving age on the off chance that it is passed yet the parts of what will happen ought to be considered before we change it. There are a wide range of reasons why we should keep it at 16. Leading it’s a decent working framework that we have followed for quite a while. Another valid justification that helps this idea is that the young people are still in school so it’s simpler for them to take drivers preparing. On the off chance that there are more drivers that eventually imply that more individuals will be paying for protection. There are additionally the reasons why we should transform it from 16. Like for occurrences most multi year olds aren’t capable enough to drive. â€Å"The realities show that more youthful drivers (those between ages 16 and 25) get more references, are bound to have their driving benefit suspended, and are liable for additional mishaps than drivers in some ot her age group.† (Dr. Steven Evans). Another explanation is that it’s a significant expense own a vehicle when they are bringing in so minimal expenditure. If we somehow happened to raise the driving age it would undoubtedly be changed to 18. The best explanations behind raising it to 18 would presumably be that they are progressively capable. â€Å"Children are not prepared to deal with these vehicles, which are hard for even an accomplished, grown-up driver to handle.† (Ron Shaffer) They have More cash due to there occupations and on the off chance that you leave from home you need a permit.

Determining Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Essay Example

Deciding Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Example Deciding Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Deciding Alternative Courses Of Action Accounting Essay Bookkeeping data dependent on the monetary investigations for outline, are extremely significant for the worry owners as they can flexibly varying data whether by quantitatively or even subjectively. From the financial investigation, we can get the data by pull excursion them from the bookkeeping system, for example, recording, inclusion and monetary minutess. Bookkeeping data is one of the apparatus for the man of undertakings as they can use it to better their organization s conspire open introduction and articulation for approaches to better current concern tasks. Moreover, they other than can make their end that is expanding the net gain however with limit cost. Monetary bookkeeping ordinarily speaks to the organization s open introduction, whole financial minutess, for example, net, cost, disbursals in the financial articulation and resources and liabilities to be determined sheet. The heading as often as possible set up this financial data to reevaluate how great their organization creates overall gains from the whole of concern outgos. From this data, they will do a spending plan for the accompanying twelvemonth running expense. Bookkeeping data has quantitative and subjective highlights. Quantitative highlights are the calculation of monetary minutess while subjective highlights incorporate the organization s detected significance of financial data. The heading especially the best one much of the time require financial data when doing concern conclusions. Mistaken data can hold a significant effect on the dynamic or do the bearing to foul up examinations about their organizations. Subjective Features Subjective research assembles data that is non in numerical form.A Qualitative data is typically engaging informations in this way it is more diligently to break down than quantitative informations. Figure 1 shows the subjective highlights, introduced in order signifier of their detected significance. The boss point of convergence, as expressed in the main develop articulation is onA assurance utility that is the capacity to be utile in assurance making.A The criticalness of fathomability is clients must comprehend the data or insight inside the setting of the dynamic. This is a client explicit quality since clients will vary in their capacity to grok any arrangement of data Figure: Hierarchy of Desirable Features of Accounting Information Figure 1 Essential Qualitative Features For essential assurance, the basic characteristics that make bookkeeping data utile are ( one ) significance and ( two ) reliability. No undertaking how trustworthy the data are yet non pertinent to the assurance at manus, it is as yet pointless. Contrariwise, applicable data is of little worth in the event that it can non be depended on. The following are the constituents that make those characteristics attractive: I ) Relevance So as to do a distinction in the assurance methodology, data must have prognostic worth. Typically, utile data will have both of the characteristics. For outline, if net gain and its constituents confirm speculator standpoints about future positive income capacity, so net gain has criticism esteem for financial specialists. Opportunity is other than one of the of import constituents of pertinence. Data is considered as opportunely when it is accessible to clients each piece in the blink of an eye as conceivable to give the data to be utilized access the assurance method. The essential for convenient data necessitates that organizations give data to outside clients, for example, the speculator on an occasional balance. The Security Commission ( SC ) requires its registrants that is the organizations to subject monetary articulation data non only on a one-year balance, yet quarterly for the initial 75% of each money related twelvemonth exorbitantly. two ) Dependability Constancy is the point to which data is indifferent, evident, what's more authentically devoted. Undeniable nature implies an agreement among various measurers. For case, the chronicled cost of a land parcel to be accounted for in a critical position sheet is regularly incredibly obvious. The expense can be followed to a managing, the acquisition of the land. In any case, the market financial estimation of that land is considerably more difficult to check. The term objectiveness as often as possible connected to certainty. The authentic expense of that land is equitable yet the land s showcase esteem is emotional as it is affected by the measurer s past experience and biases. An emotional estimating is hard to check, which makes it all the more difficult for clients to trust on. Illustrative constancy exists when there is a comprehension between a stage and the wonder it implies to depict. For outline, expect that the term stock rundown in an accounting report of a retail organization is comprehended by outside clients to represent focuses that are planned available to be purchased in the standard class of concern. On the off chance that stock rundown incorporates machines that are bring forthing the stock rundown, so it needs illustrative loyalty. Dependability expect the data being depended on is indifferent as to parties perchance influenced whether they are the interior or outer gatherings. In this manner, lack of bias is very identified with the commencement of bookkeeping standards. Bookkeeping measures ought to be set up with generally speaking social closures and explicit points in head and ought to stay away from partialities by endeavor non to lean toward impossible to miss gatherings or organizations. The characteristics of importance and constancy often struggle with one another. For case, an overall gain forecast gave by the removal of an organization may have a high evaluation of importance to speculators and loan bosses who are trying to prognosticate future hard money streams. In any case, an expectation needfully contains abstraction in the examination of moving toward occasions. Optional Qualitative Features With respect to the optional subjective, the highlights are ( one ) examination and ( two ) consistence and they are of import for assurance formulating. Similarity is the capacity to help clients see likenesses and contrasts among occasions and conditions. Firmly associated with correlation is the feeling that consistence of bookkeeping designs over clasp licenses substantial evaluations between various time periods. The prognostic and input estimation of data can simply be upgraded if clients can think about the open introduction of an organization all through the clasp. Quantitative Features Figure 2 shows the sorts of quantitative data in bookkeeping. Figure 2 Quantitative data is data which is communicated in figures or Numberss. For outline, a deal managing can be communicated in figure when Jacob bought merchandise from the worry. To be increasingly explicit, the managing can be communicated as Jacob bought merchandise from the worry for RM2, 000. Bookkeeping data is the data which can be communicated in financial whole. Under it are the three boss constituents which are: I ) Financial data Financial data is bookkeeping data that can be utile for chiefs or other outer gatherings for assurance contriving. two ) Operating data Working data are data which are required to cognize every day runing minutess. three ) Management data The executives data is the data which is intended for the chiefs of the organization simply. Subjective informations is non equitable in this way it can non be dependably confirmed. In actuality, quantitative informations can be checked much of the time by observing the grounds on paper that the data is precise. For representation, an organization s data framework recorded that one of their customer said that they loved the soul of the ice pick in vanilla. The data client would happen it extremely difficult to turn out that that customer really said that. On the different manus, the expense of common stuffs entered in the bookkeeping records can be demonstrated against the data on the bills got from the suppliers. Be that as it may, the bearing ought to non reduce them from treating financial and other quantitative informations. They should be progressively adaptable, intense to include fresh starts of informations that can empower them to flexibly better data. Section 2 ( two ) Choice conceiving is the idea strategy of picking a legitimate pick from the accessible alternatives. When looking to do a decent assurance, an individual must weight the positives and negatives of every choice, and see all the alternatives. For adequate assurance concocting, an individual must have the option to ascertain the consequence of every choice each piece great, and dependent on every one of these focuses, figure out which alternative is the best for that impossible to miss situation. Figure 3 shows the six stairss taken so as to do conclusions. Figure 3 Measure 1: Identifying the activity The vast majority of import measure in any assurance conceiving strategy is portraying why a pick is called for and putting the most needed impacts of the assurance contriving technique. The principal thing that requirements to make is region the hidden activity that must be settled. After the assurance has been made, the pined for result must be expressed unmistakably. This is one of the great approaches to get down since by saying your finishes would help you in clear uping the thoughts. Measure 2: Determining interchange classs of activity The situation of doing a pick emerges in light of the fact that there are numerous substitutes accessible for it. Subsequently, the accompanying measure after the most punctual 1 is to territory out the alternatives accessible for that situation. The way in to this measure is: make non confine or abridge yourself to common choices or what has worked previously yet to be detached to new and better alternatives. This is imperative as the arrangements some of the time can come out from these out-of-the-case contemplations. So as to work out this j

an Easter vigil

an Easter vigil A cold and biting wind claws its way across campus, and a motley congregation gathered in the East Campus courtyard huddles together slightly closer. A man stands on the stage, a banner fluttering behind him. The banner says Live at EC. EC is short for East Campus. I do not know if live means verb, to live, or live, as in concurrently, alive, simultaneously, this-broadcast-is-live. I live at EC, on the second floor of the east parallel. In a window on the second floor, behind the man standing on the stage, a girl changes into a dress and back into a t-shirt. I do not know her. The man on the stage insists that he is not here to performhe is simply here to be himself. The musicians behind him slow jam while he vivaciously reads a testimony to the salvation he finds in God. It is the night before Easter. We are in the in-between, says another man, later that night. We rush too quickly from Jesus death to Jesus resurrection because we are uncomfortable with the uncertain temporariness of Jesus three-day decease. He pauses to let us feel the in-between. We are inside now. The second mans name is Christian. He says that remembering is like remembering a test question, but before that, remembering meant placing yourself in the remembered event. It meant immersion. It meant feeling the heat of the sun, hearing Jesus gasping for air and choking out his last words, flinching from the soldiers fists and the crowds condemning voice. Christian comes from Harvard. To help us remember, he reenacts the passion of Christ as a one-man show, from the Garden of Gesthemane until the tomb is sealed by Joseph of Arimathea. He wheezes, whispers, spits, and screams as Jesus did, or as Pilate did, or as Peter did. He stops before the resurrection, in the in-between. It is not Easter yet, only the night before EasterEaster Vigil. I miss every Easter Triduum service hosted by the Tech Catholic Community. On Holy Thursday I am in class. On Good Friday I have an exam. On Easter Vigil I am here. The chicken and rice prepared by the hospitality team is warm, and delicious. It is the only food I eat all day. I am asked to emcee for part of the concert. I gel my hair and put on a tie. Dress code is happy colors. I wear white. The performers I announce are talentedincredibly so. Some come from Berklee. They are singer-songwriters, voice principals, Christians. One has navy-blue hair. She plays the guitar and sings with a navy-blue voice. A man in a denim jacket plays a green violin. I cant feel my fingers, he laughs. Thats okay, though. He performs a medley that ends with Michael Jacksons P.Y.T. Passersby pause, curious. Two police cars patrol unassumingly in the street. I talk to a girl from Tanzania and remark offhandedly that there will be a lunar eclipse later tonight. The full moon will bleed crimson-red for three hours before returning to its usual white. She is surprised and asks if that is the reason for the concert. I tell her that the reason for the concert is not the lunar eclipse. The reason for the concert is Easter. The lunar eclipse is a convenient metaphor. Im so happy this is happening, says another passerby, who is also my friend and hallmate. We dance to Rather Be by Clean Bandit, covered by Nahid. Next to me, five people huddled in a beige blanket dance in tandem, like a hot potato. I talk to people that I have not seen recently and ask how they are doing. It is cold outside, but the people are warm and the mood is celebratory. Before the concert, the volunteers and performers gather in Talbot Lounge and pray. They pray for salvation, for MIT, for a burning revolution in campus spiritualism, for people to know God, for strength against demons and idols. Our demons and idols no longer look like Satan or Baal; they are intellectualism, schoolwork, careers, meritocracy, stress, depression, despair, suicide. An MIT freshman who lives three floors above me sings a song she wrote for Matthew and for Christina. Later in Talbot Lounge, when the stage has moved inside because the wind outside is too cold, the Berklee musicians end their set with an acoustic guitar-and-violin cover of Katy Perrys California Gurls. We laugh and sing. There are warm drinks. My boots are covered in mud, but I sit on the floor and unzip my jacket. The music is alive, and so am I, and so, I suppose, is MIT. For where two or three are gathered in my name, there I am among them Matthew 18:20.

Fossil Fuel versus Solar Power Where the Line Meets the...

Fossil Fuel versus Solar Power: Where the Line Meets the Circle There are a number of benefits to building a house that utilizes direct solar energy as compared to current conventional designs, which are largely powered and heated by energy from fossil fuels. According to a number of estimates, it is actually cheaper in the long term to incorporate solar energy into building design. Solar energy is far cleaner than fossil fuel derived energy, and therefore is far less impacting on the health of humans and the environment. There are a number of innovative technologies that have been developed for nearly every application of solar energy, thus making its use comparably convenient to fossil fuel use, but with greater assurance of†¦show more content†¦With approximately ninety-nine percent of species that have existed on Earth already extinct, it is clear that individual species typically do not exist for an extended period on the geological time scale. (Gould, 2000) While it is immediately more expensive to incorporate solar design techniques in building a home, once a solar structure is in place it essentially pays for itself. After the initial cost of building and supply, all solar energy sequestered is free of charge, with the exception of periodic maintenance. This seems far more appealing than the ever present and increasing costs associated with fossil fuel dependency. One further cost especially deserving of mention is the environmental cost associated with fossil fuel use versus that of solar energy sequestration. Through widespread use of fossil fuels humans are responsible for the current global warming event. With the enormous output of carbon dioxide associated with fossil fuel consumption, it is no small wonder that there have been drastic environmental changes on the global scale. The sharp increase in carbon dioxide levels present in the atmosphere around the planet has caused significant disruption of planetary energy flows. This has led to melting of the polar ice caps, sea level rise, change in seasonal and weather patterns, and more. Another phenomenon associated with fossil fuel use,Show MoreRelatedThe Uk And Scottish Governments3456 Words   |  14 Pagescollides with the finite nature of fossil energy resources, now the main source of energy globally, and with the shortage of other resources needed to produce, transport or consume energy. This lack of resources is already leading to significant increases in prices, and more, at high price volatility, with corresponding negative effects on the global economy and in different countries, depending on their exposure or dependence energy (Meadowcroft, 2009). Moreover, fossil energy resources are also contributingRead MoreEmerging Issues in Marketing10554 Words   |  43 PagesIMPORTANCE OF GREEN MARKETING: Man has limited resources on the earth, with which she/he must attempt to provide for the worlds unlimited wants. There is extensive debate as to whether the earth is a resource at mans disposal.. In market societies where there is freedom of choice, it has generally been accepted that individuals and organizations have the right to attempt to have their wants satisfied. As firms face limited natural resources, they must develop new or alternative ways of satisfyingRead MoreStrategy Management18281 Words   |  74 Pagesincludes strategy material that has stood the test of time (such as, the resourcebased view and Porter’s five forces model) as well as up-to-date strategy material and current research (such as the dynamic capabilities perspective and the triple bottom line). The book also includes student-accessible coverage of strategic management research. It draws on articles published in the leading academic journals (for instance, Strategic Management Journal, Acad emy of Management Journal/Review, Organization ScienceRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesPrinted in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09 08 07 ExamView  ® and ExamView Pro  ® are registered trademarks of FSCreations, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation used herein under license. Macintosh and Power Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Used herein under license. Library of Congress Control Number: 2006933904 Student Edition: ISBN-13: 978-0-495-11873-2 ISBN-10: 0-495-11873-7 ââ€"   To my nephews, Jesse and Luke SmidtRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas

Weather and Environment Impacts in Brazil Essay - 747 Words

Weather and Environment Impacts in Brazil Manaus is a remote town located in a rainforest, so obviously there is a large influence by the weather on the environment around Manaus. Yearly it receives about 84 inches of rainfallinches of rainfall leading to the first environmental impact of the weather: flooding. Manaus is located near the junction of two major rivers, the Rio Negro and the Rio Solimoes, which combine slightly to the east of Manaus to from the Amazon river. The land is relatively flat, and therefore serves as a flood basin for the rivers. The average yearly fall of the river may be around 33 feet (1). The flooding is a risk to humans in that it may threaten the city and homes, but there is also important ecological†¦show more content†¦The flooding in Amazonia may possibly increase in the coming decades if climate change predictions play out as forecasted. There is an expectation that severe weather events will become more common and more intense, something of particular concern to an area which is cl assified as rainforest (Lamb, Somerville, IPCC). Erosion may increase and more land areas used by humans may become inundated. There is the concern that the historical fixes such as the dam may overflow due to the increased detritus and rainfall combinations. A second area that was just mentioned was erosion. Soil is strongly affected by the weather and environment in the Amazon. Because the area receives so much rain it has a history of farming. The problem becomes that any nutrients provided by the rain are usually absorbed immediately by the trees where they remain tied up. Cutting the trees down to allow nutrient build-up in the soil has its own issues. Studies have found that removal of forest affects cloud cover (Durieux Et al. 2003). Convection currents may change resulting in seasons becoming more pronounced. The study noted that this was not theoretical – the changes were already underway in deforested areas (Durieux Et al. 2003). Forest are necessary to combat erosion, and with these more pronounced (and potentially more intense) weather events there is a chance that flood rates, erosion and other factors will be much more intense (Bruijnzeel, 2004). A finalShow MoreRelatedPlanting Date Tailored For Enso Based Climate Variability Risk Using Cropgro Soybean Model1056 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Brazil has become the second-largest producer of soybean in the world after the United States. Projections to the year 2020 indicate the country’s soybean production will increase to 105 million tons, mainly due to Brazil’s large expanse of arable land with potential to be used for agriculture. This expansion of soybean production will occur mainly in the North and Northeast parts of the country (Viana et al., 2013). For example, in the past decade the Para State, Northern Brazil, has seenRead MoreEffects Of Deforestation On The Amazon Rain Forest1196 Words   |  5 Pagesclearing of trees. With the increase of trees being cleared the environment aspects have changed such as the carbon cycle, water cycle, soil moisture, and climate change. The Amazon rain forest has been struggling deforestation for a very long time that it has affected the carbon cycle, water cycle, and most importantly the climate change. The climate change plays an important role not just in the forest but also in the industrial environment. Climate change and the widespread of forest deforestationRead MoreStrategic Asset Allocation Has Proved That It Improves Investors Returns And Reduces Portfolio Risk1406 Words   |  6 Pagesoutlook is not certain either, with the US with a controversial president-elect and UK exiting the EU, we still have a lot to endure. However, if we have to pick a base case, we would choose a rebound in global economy due to countries such as Russia, Brazil and Argentina. What is bothering most analysts is the US election, and it’s something no one can overlook. We are looking at a 2017 with new leadership at the Fed (Yellen’s leadership ends in 2018), trade policy and fiscal policies. Although there’sRead MoreCause And Effect Of Deforestation1259 Words   |  6 Pagesrapid deforestation, there is little that can be done in order to help the environment. The constant destruction of the rainforests will only destroy the atmosphere, the environment, the life in theses ecosystems, and ultimately the world. Forests help relieve the effects of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions, on the other hand the effects of deforestation is an increased greenhouse gas emissions that not only impacts the forests but also the ecosystems around in which life resides. AccordingRead MoreHow successful can the management of fragile environments be, given the constant and increasing demand for their exploitation?1710 Words   |  7 PagesHow successful can the management of fragile environments be, given the constant and increasing demand for their exploitation? A fragile environment is an area where the flora and fauna have adapted to a specific climate and evolved to occupy many different niches due to extremely high competition for resources. Furthermore due to the constant abiotic conditions, specialisation and symbiotic relationships have occurred to such a degree that even the slightest ecological or environmental disruptionRead MoreChile s Economic Impact On The Philippines Essay1004 Words   |  5 Pagesattributes. Because of Chile’s growing environment, tourism has gone up; therefore Chile has put more importance on the Service sector (Tertiary Sector). Tertiary sector is Chile is a South American country located between the Andes and the North Pacific Ocean. Because it is the longest north south country in the world, it is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire as well. Chile’s capital is Santiago. Because it is has a very long coastline, the weather in Chile is always changing. It is said thatRead MoreThe Use Of Gmo Foods1145 Words   |  5 Pagesexpression of genes related to chronic diseases. In a few cases, it has also improved the quality and nutrition of foods by altering their composition. However, the use of biotechnology has also raised concerns about its potential risks to the environment and humans health. For example, some people fear that common plant pests could develop resistance to the introduced pesticides in GM crops that were supposed to combat them. Genetic engineering provides a means to introduce genes into plants viaRead MorePrice Determination for Exchange Traded Commodity and Forecasting Prices1020 Words   |  4 Pages the total soybean produced in India. The United States., Brazil, Argentina, India and China are the worlds largest soybean producers and they represent more than 90% of world soybean production. The U.S. exported over approximate 90% of the worlds soybeans production. By 2005, the top soybeans importers European Union (22%), China (41% of world soybean imports), Japan (6%) and Mexico (6%) and Exporters were United States (37%), Brazil (16%), and Argentina (39%) of world soybean exports. TheRead MoreHydro Electric Power1518 Words   |  7 Pagesrenewable, no-emission power source, it is not without its environmental impacts. Currently the most widely used type of renewable energy, hydroelectricity accounts for over 20% of the worlds electricity. In Canada it constitutes for over 60 per cent of its power. Canada is the world leader of hydroelectricity production producing 353,000 GWh in 2002. This is followed by the U.S., which produced 300,000 GWh, followed by Brazil, China, Russia, and then Norway. However the energy produced is not representativeRead MoreSugarcane Market Analysis By Jack Phillips Jones985 Words   |  4 PagesPhillips-Jones(100653583),Khondeker (Rafi) Hossain (100575896), Wade Russell (100588373)  1.0 Executive Summary:  Table of Contents î ¿ ¿1.0 Executive Summary: Table of Contents 2.0 Industry Analysis: 3.0 Environmental Factors: 3.1 Natural Factors: 3.1.1 Weather: 3.1.2 Soil Erosion: 3.1.3 Pollution: 3.2 Cultural Factors - Australia moving away from sugar 3.3 Political Factors - Sugar Tax 3.4 Media Publics 4.0 Conclusion: 5.0 References:î ¿ ¾  2.0 Industry Analysis: The Sugarcane industry in Australia started

The Secret Circle The Divide Chapter 5 Free Essays

When Cassie arrived at Old Town Hall, the sun was shining down on the carnival as booths and tables were being set up for the evening’s festivities. She searched for her mom among the volunteers so she could help her put up the decorations they’d finally finished making late last night. Old Town Hall was one of the earliest municipal buildings in New Salem. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 5 or any similar topic only for you Order Now When it had been in use, it housed all the town’s federal offices. The surrounding area was designed to be an outdoor market, but these days it was mostly used as a public art space and, of course, to host yearly spring and fall festivals. â€Å"Hey, Cassie.† Laurel appeared carrying a tray of tulip bulbs that was nearly twice her size. She dropped it onto a nearby table and waved a few sweaty strands of hair away from her pixielike face. â€Å"Are you psyched for tonight’s festival?† â€Å"Sure,† Cassie said unconvincingly. â€Å"Well, you should be,† Laurel said. â€Å"The spring equinox is important to us as witches.† She looked to her left and then to her right to be sure nobody had heard her. And then, as Cassie expected, she launched into a history lesson. History and botany lessons were pretty much mandatory when talking to Laurel. You either loved her for it or you had the urge to tape her mouth shut, but for now Cassie humored her. humored her. â€Å"Like many traditions in New Salem, the origin of the spring festival has roots in paganism,† Laurel said. â€Å"This festival used to be called Ostara’s Festival, and it was a holiday to celebrate the Goddess waking from her winter slumber. It was a time when our ancestors honored the balance of all things, the physical with the spiritual. The old books said it was a time to plant seeds in the garden, as well as a time to plant the seeds of desired manifestation.† â€Å"But what does that mean?† Cassie asked. â€Å"It means it’s a time to start new projects and put new plans into action.† Laurel picked up her tray with a grunt and began to walk away. â€Å"It’s something to get excited about,† she said over her shoulder. Cassie let her eyes wander around the square. In every booth was a local merchant offering samples of food or drink, or the chance to bid on some item up for auction. Local bands were setting up their equipment on a ramshackle stage. The whole event had simply become a backdrop for the kickoff of the tourist season. But still, Cassie thought she should embrace it. It was a celebration of sorts, like Laurel said. Cassie found her mother on the far side of the square, stapling paper daffodils along a wooden baseboard. Across from her, Cassie saw Melanie and Constance setting up their jewelry booth. Melanie’s smooth cap of chestnut hair was pulled neatly back, while Constance’s gray mane feathered madly in the wind. They were quite a pair; Melanie was tall and beautiful and prepossessing, and Constance was shrunken and slumped over, bossily calling Constance was shrunken and slumped over, bossily calling out commands with her wrinkled pointer finger. But the love and compassion between them was palpable, and the jewelry they designed was a physical product of that love. Melanie had told Cassie that the local townspeople didn’t have a real understanding of crystals, but that didn’t matter. Their jewelry made for pretty conversation pieces, and Aunt Constance really appreciated the extra cash. Cassie waved to Melanie from afar and then spotted Diana. She was wearing all white, and the way the sun was striking her blonde hair, it appeared almost white, too. My God, Cassie thought, Diana is literally shimmering like an angel. And appropriately, she was helping with the charity raffle this year. In fact, she’d organized it. Sometimes Cassie wondered if there was anything Diana couldn’t do. Cassie gave her mom a signal to let her know she’d be right there and then headed over to the raffle table to say hello to Diana. She’d felt so distant from Diana lately, she thought stopping by would be a nice gesture. Maybe even a first step in clearing the air between them. Cassie understood the distance was because she spent most of her free time with Adam these days. How could that not make things weird, when not so long ago it used to be Diana who spent all her time with Adam? But in spite of all that, when Diana noticed Cassie coming her way now, she couldn’t have offered her a more heartfelt greeting. She dropped her clipboard onto the table and jogged across the square to meet Cassie halfway. â€Å"I’m so glad you’re here,† she said. â€Å"Your mother’s decorations look fantastic.† â€Å"Thanks,† Cassie said, and then hesitated. She hadn’t known she was going to do this, but in the moment it felt right. â€Å"Can we talk?† she asked. Without waiting for an answer, she took Diana’s hand tightly in her own and led her to the side of the square, where there was a long stone bench they could sit on without the risk of anyone overhearing their conversation. â€Å"There’s something I have to tell you,† Cassie said. Diana’s green eyes narrowed with concern, but she sat down, as instructed. Cassie sat across from her, anxiously rubbing her fingers along the bench’s stone surface. â€Å"I’ve been feeling so bad,† she said. â€Å"For all the awkwardness.† Diana smiled wide. â€Å"Kind of like right now?† â€Å"Yeah.† Cassie felt herself blush. â€Å"I guess I am being kind of awkward right now. It’s just that I know how close you and Adam were, and the sacrifice you made, and – † Diana cut Cassie off mid-sentence. â€Å"Cassie, I know. I really do. And it has been hard at times, but I think we’ve all grown used to it a lot faster than you have.† She put her hands on Cassie’s shoulders and gave her a little shake. â€Å"There are no hard feelings. Honestly. It’s you who’s making it hard, for yourself.† Cassie’s eyes filled with tears, and she realized Diana was right. She had been making things unnecessarily difficult. This was supposed to be a new beginning. Everywhere around her, people were embracing change while she clung on to old hurts and past fears. â€Å"Does this mean we can hang out more?† she asked. â€Å"I sure hope so!† Diana brought her in for a hug, and when Cassie closed her eyes, everything felt just right. A new beginning, she thought to herself again. Now she really would be able to enjoy the festival. Together she and Diana walked through the square, arm in arm, back to the raffle table. Cassie didn’t want their renewed closeness to end, but she had work to do. â€Å"I’d better go help my mom,† she said, and was about to walk away when a girl approached her. The girl had long waves of bright red hair and wore high black boots that caught on the hem of her slip dress. â€Å"Excuse me,† she said. â€Å"I’m looking for the bed-and-breakfast that’s supposed to be right around here.† She was about the same height and build as Cassie, and her eyes were a very dark brown, almost black. Diana pointed west. â€Å"It’s about a two-minute walk that way.† The girl gripped the handle of her overstuffed suitcase and stood gawking at them, as if she were hoping for more. â€Å"I’m Scarlett,† she said, offering her free hand to Diana. Diana introduced herself and Cassie, and then asked, â€Å"Are you visiting from out of town?† â€Å"Not visiting. I just moved here.† Scarlett bit at her fingernail, which was covered in chipped black nail polish. â€Å"I’m only staying at the B and B for now, if I ever find it.† Diana raised her eyebrows. â€Å"Moving to a new town with only one suitcase, that’s very impressive.† Scarlett laughed uncomfortably like she wasn’t sure if Diana was playfully teasing or rudely making fun of her. Cassie wasn’t entirely sure either. She knew Diana well enough to sense that she had her guard up around this stranger. â€Å"Will you be going to New Salem High?† Diana asked. Scarlett shook her head. â€Å"I graduated early. I’m working on the docks for the summer.† â€Å"I see,† Diana said, in a tone dripping with judgment. Diana got like this around Outsiders sometimes. Cassie knew she didn’t mean to be impolite; in fact, she probably wasn’t even aware of it. It was an unconscious self-righteousness that came from always knowing she was special. But Cassie knew what growing up average was like, and she’d once been the new girl in town. She sympathized with how awful and alienated Scarlett probably felt right now. â€Å"Well, thank you for the directions,† Scarlett said. â€Å"It was nice meeting you.† â€Å"Wait.† Cassie had the sudden urge to remedy Diana’s inhospitable welcome. â€Å"You should come to the festival tonight. It’s right here; you can’t miss it.† Scarlett giggled in a way that made her sound like a little girl, and Cassie couldn’t help but join in. There was something refreshing about her. â€Å"We just met, and already you’re taking a shot at my poor sense of direction?† Then her face warmed. â€Å"I’d love to come, thank you.† â€Å"Great,† Cassie said. â€Å"Then we’ll see you later.† Cassie watched Scarlett walk away, and Diana picked up her clipboard from the table. â€Å"That was neighborly of you,† she said. â€Å"What do you mean?† â€Å"You know.† Diana scrutinized her list of things to do, flipping through its many pages. â€Å"Considerate, gregarious.† â€Å"I know what neighborly means, but what do you mean?† Diana set the clipboard down and rolled her pen back and forth in her fingers while analyzing Cassie’s expression. â€Å"You saw something in her, didn’t you? What was it?† Cassie should have known there was never getting anything past Diana. It was true, she had seen something in Scarlett, but she wasn’t sure what. Cassie felt a tingle travel up her spine and down her arms, all the way to her fingers. It was an excitement she couldn’t place. â€Å"I’m really not sure. But I think it was something good.† â€Å"Well, that’s pleasant news for a change,† Diana said. â€Å"Tell me about it.† â€Å"Maybe it was her hair dye drawing you in.† â€Å"Be nice,† Cassie said. â€Å"I’m not being mean,† Diana said naughtily. â€Å"It made me want to drink a glass of wild cherry Kool-Aid. I love that stuff.† Then the two of them broke into loud, uninhibited laughter, the way they used to. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Divide Chapter 5, Essay examples

Depletion of Non Renewable Resources of Energy free essay sample

Eventually natural resources will become too costly to harvest and humanity will need to find other sources of energy. At present, the main energy source used by humans are non-renewable fossil fuels, as a result of continual use since the first  internal combustion engine  in the 17th century, the fuel is still in high demand with conventional  infrastructure  fitted with the combustion engine. Non-renewable resources of energy Coal Coal  is  a  fossil  fuel. That means it comes from the remains of ancient life buried deep in Earth’s crust. The coal we use today started out as plants that grew in swamps millions of years ago. When the plants died, they settled to the swamp bottom. Over time, layers of mud and rock formed. They compressed and hardened the plant material. Heat and pressure caused chemical changes. Gradually, the once-living matter became coal. Coal,  a  combustible  organic rock composed primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Coal is burned to produce energy and is used to manufacture steel. It is also an important source of chemicals used to make medicine, fertilizers, pesticides, and other products. Coal comes from ancient plants buried over millions of years in Earth’s crust, its outermost layer. Coal, petroleum, natural gas, and oil shale are all known as fossil fuels because they come from the remains of ancient life buried deep in the crust. Petroleum Petroleum,  or  crude  oil,  naturally occurring oily, bituminous liquid composed of various organic chemicals. It is found in large quantities below the surface of Earth and is used as a fuel and as a raw material in the chemical industry. Modern industrial societies use it primarily to achieve a degree of mobility—on land, at sea, and in the air—that was barely imaginable less than 100 years ago. In addition, petroleum and its derivatives are used in the manufacture of medicines and fertilizers, foodstuffs, plastics, building materials, paints, and cloth and to generate electricity. Crude oil is a mixture of substances called hydrocarbons. They’re called hydrocarbons because they are made up of the elements hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons give off a lot of energy when they burn. That’s why they make good fuels. They also can be combined with other elements in many ways to make different products. Crude  oil  forms  under Earth’s surface. It forms from the remains of sea animals and plants. When these living things die, they sink to the sea bottom. Over millions of years, they form a thick layer. The layer can get buried under sand and rock. Pressure and high temperatures inside the planet change it into oil and natural gas. Natural gas Natural Gas is  flammable  gaseous  mixture consisting mostly of hydrocarbons. Along with coal and petroleum, natural gas is a fossil fuel. Natural gas may contain as much as 85 percent methane (CH4) and about 10 percent ethane (C2H6), and also contains smaller amounts of propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), pentane (C5H12), and other alkanes. Natural gas, which is usually found together with petroleum deposits in Earth’s crust, is extracted and refined into fuels that provide approximately 25 percent of the world energy supply. Natural gas is created by two mechanisms: biogenic and thermogenic. Biogenic gas is created by  methanogenic  organisms in  marshes,  bogs,  landfills, and shallow sediments. Deeper in the earth, at greater temperature and pressure, thermogenic gas is created from buried organic material. Depletion of non renewable resources of energy Fossil Fuels form over millions of years when animals and plants die and decay. There are three forms of fossil fuels solid called coal, liquid called petroleum or oil, and gas called natural gas. Use of fossil fuels outnumbers the production and extraction of it which is used to power cars and factories. 90% of the U. S. s energy comes from oil. The solution is to use other sources of energy, but we already are too dependent on fossil fuel to back away from its usage. Fossil Fuels are the biggest cause of pollution in the world, producing soot and other harmful gases. It takes a million years to produce the amount of fossil fuels the people of earth use in a single year Energy can be drawn from the sun, water, and wind to produce a clean form of energy. Coal is a very clean source of energy. Energy also comes from biomass, electrical storage, and nuclear energy. Coal is a very good source of energy, but when it is burned it produces much more pollutants than any   other fossil fuel. Coal-Coal depletion  is the inescapable result of extracting and consuming  coal  since it is a nonrenewable natural resource. The number of years of coal left is estimated by the ratio of proven coal reserves to the current consumption rate. Assuming the current rate of consumption and that there are still an estimated 909 billion tones of proven  coal reserves worldwide, there is enough coal to last at least 155 years (assuming the rate of consumption remains the same) . Peak coal  is the point in time at which the maximum global coal production rate is reached, after which, according to the theory, the rate of production will enter to a terminal decline. Coal  is a  fossil fuel  formed from plant matter over the course of millions of years. It is a finite resource and thus considered to be a  non-renewable energy  source. Petroleum- Petroleum depletion  occurs in the second half of the  production curve  of an  oil well,  oil field, or the average of total world  oil  production. The  Hubbert peak theory  makes predictions of production rates based on prior discovery rates and anticipated production rates. Hubbert curves  predict that the production curves of non-renewing resources approximate a  bell curve. Thus, when the  peak of production  is passed, production rates enter an  exponential decline. The worlds oil supply is fixed because petroleum is  naturally formed  far too slowly to be replaced at the rate at which it is being extracted. Over many millions of years,  plankton,  bacteria, and other plant and animal matter become buried in sediments on the ocean floor. When conditions are right – a lack of oxygen for decomposition, and sufficient depth and temperature of burial – these organic remains are converted into petroleum compounds, while the sediment accompanying them is converted into sandstone, siltstone, and other porous sedimentary rock. When capped by mpermeable rocks such as shale, salt, or igneous intrusions, they form the petroleum reservoirs which are exploited today. Natural gas-Natural Gas depletion  is the inescapable result of extracting and consuming  natural gas  since it is a nonrenewable natural resource. The number of years of natural gas left is estimated by the ratio of proven natural gas reserves to the current consumpt ion rate. According to the Energy Information Agency,  the world in 2005 had about 60 years of natural gas left. However, the relevance of worldwide figures is questioned since unlike oil relatively little gas is shipped across the oceans. If one compares proven North American reserves versus North American consumption, one gets only 11 years. Conservation Energy conservation  refers to efforts made to reduce energy consumption. Energy conservation can be achieved through increased  efficient energy use, in conjunction with decreased  energy consumption  and/or reduced consumption from conventional energy sources. An energy conservation act was passed on 2001. Energy conservation can result in increased  financial capital,  environmental  quality,  national security,  personal security, and  human comfort. Individuals and organizations that are direct  consumers  of energy choose to conserve energy to reduce energy costs and promote  economic security. Industrial and commercial users can increase energy use efficiency to maximize  profit. Conclusion Non renewable sources of energy are getting depleted day by day. We must do something to conserve the non renewable sources. Natural resources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas  take thousands of years to form naturally and cannot be replaced as fast as they are being consumed. We must use other sources such as wind, water, sun etc. These resources must be conserved.

Sexual Pressures Essays (863 words) - Human Sexuality,

Sexual Pressures sexual pressures The media is just one of the factors responsible for the increase in teen sexuality. Throughout a humans adolescents years they are subject to a number of sexual pressures. Through research I have found that peers are among the most influential. An adolescent is not limited to peer pressure though. They face pressures from the media as well. I believe that media pressure is just a influential as peer pressure. There is also other pressure, from people such as older friends, parents, and just adults in general. Peers is a term that can be defined as friends. I have found that many teens have friends that are athletes. In high schools, boy athletes outscore all of the other boys with the girls(Elias 1). On the other hand , girls on sports teams are much less sexually active than other females who do not play sports(Elias 1). This shows that male athletes are far more pressuring each other on the issue of sexuality. So for males who are into sports they are subjected to a host of pressu res and can as a result do things they would not normally do. On the contrary, I found that females who do sports are far less pressured and influenced about sex. In fact they are far less likely to be sexually active than teen females who do not participate in sports. I believe that all teens in general should know the results of being a sexually active teen. There are many consequences of being sexually active, one of the major one being sexually transmitted diseases. A sexually transmitted disease might not sound so bad but, some can cause sterility and even worse , death. Even when condoms are used, a STD can still be transmitted. Depending on the type of std they can or can not be cured. A few diseases that can not be cured include herpes, HPV, And HIV, which later turns into the virus AIDS. The disease HPV can cause cervical cancer and HIV results in a long, painful death. Almost a third of sexually active teens contracted a new STD within a mere six months, reported one study , even among condom users(Terilliger 2). Once a teen has become sexually active he or she must assume new roles. Males must think about the issue of perhaps becoming a father by accident of intentionally. Moreover, females must think about all the consequences of having sex. No sex happens to be the safest form of sexual activity. It is not hard for a condom to break of for birth control pills to be forgotten once or twice during a cycle to cause a pregnancy. In addition, once a female becomes pregnant there are few options she can explore. In a like manner, adults are an impact on a teens sexuality. Most teens look up to an adult and admire them. Likewise, they want to try to be like there idol. This is why an adult can have a profound impact on a teen trying to cope with the pressures of sexuality. That is why all adults in all classes of society should watch what they do or say in relation to teens. For example, The President of the United States was adulterous and lied about it. We as society say so what? when the accusations surfaced at first(Kavanagh 13). In the same fashion, the media plays a huge part of sexual pressures exerted on a teen. One way being television. Television at the present time is full of vulgarness and sex. As far as prime time television is concerned is safer to watch old re runs of the Lucy Show and the Cosby Show. they ere from an era where sex was not such a prime time staple(Riley 186). This show how much society has changed concerning sex. In the old times sex was not a way to get better ratings like it is today. Similarly, music has an impact on an adolescents sexuality. Rap lyrics at the current time are full of obscenities and words concerning sex. In the rapper Eminem's song Role Model , he says, Im going to rape her and leave her, once I get near her(mathers

History of the Black Box aka Flight Data Recorder

History of the Black Box aka Flight Data Recorder David Warren had a deeply personal reason to invent the  flight-data recorder (commonly referred to as the â€Å"black box†). In 1934, his father died in one of Australia’s earliest air crashes.   Early Life and Career David Warren was born in 1925 on Groote Eylandt, and island off the Northern coast of Australia. Gadgets and devices, like the ham radio left to him by his father, helped Warren through his childhood and adolescence. His educational record speaks for itself: he graduated with honors from the University of Sydney before earning a diploma in education from the University of Melbourne and a Ph.D. in chemistry from Imperial College London. In the 1950s, as Warren was working for the Aeronautical Research Laboratories in Melbourne, a few developments occurred to reignite his instincts regarding in-flight recordings. In Britain in 1949, the de Havilland Comet was introduced- only to experience a disaster in 1954 with a series of high-profile crashes. Without any kind of recording device from inside the aircraft, determining the causes and investigating the intricacies of these disasters was a famously difficult task for the British authorities. Prime Minister Winston Churchill himself was quoted as saying, â€Å"The cost of solving the Comet mystery must be reckoned neither in money nor in manpower.† Around the same time, the earliest tape recorders were being introduced in trade shows and storefront windows. It was a German-made one that first caught Warren’s eye, leading him to wonder how much more information the authorities would have during its investigations if a device like this had been in the Comet . Inventing the "Memory Unit" In 1957, Warren completed a prototype- which he termed the â€Å"Memory Unit†- for his device. His idea, however, was greeted with no shortage of criticism from the Australian authorities. The Royal Australian Air Force haughtily suggested that the device would capture â€Å"more expletives than explanations,† while the Australian pilots themselves worried about the potential for spying and surveillance. It took the British- the maker of the tarnished Comet- to appreciate the necessity of Warren’s device. From there, flight-data recorders proceeded to become standard procedure not only in Britain and Australia but also in America and in the commercial flying industry all across the world. There seems to be some dispute as to how Warren’s device came to be known as the black box, considering that the color of Warren’s prototype was closer to red or orange, in order to make the device stand out amidst the wreckage of a crash. However, the black-box moniker has stuck, perhaps owing to the intense steel casing required to protect the box. Warren has never received financial reward for his invention, although he has- after what was initially quite a battle- been officially recognized by his own country: in 2002, he was awarded the Order of Australia for his contributions. Warren died in 2010, at the age of 85, but his invention continues to be a mainstay on aircraft worldwide, recording both cockpit chatter and instrument readings of altitude, speed, direction, and other statistics. Additionally, car manufacturers have recently started installing black boxes in their vehicles, adding another chapter in the evolution of Warren’s originally maligned idea.

Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Plan - Essay Example 5. Increase charity from 0.5 of total profits to 5% in 4 years. SWOT Analysis: Strengths 1. Company attends to its corporate social responsibility by doing charity work. 2. PPQ is in par with the industry’s average profit margin for the last 3 years. Weaknesses 1. High employee turnover rate. 2. The market share of 5% is just fair. Opportunities 1. Japan’s increasing need for auto parts industry companies after the tragedy last March 2011. 2. More females are using SUV cars and market share of SUV type is increasing. 3. One of Japan’s road to recovery is to boost employment. Threats 1. There are low cost countries such as India, China, and even Korea that are already competing in this industry that could possibly be one of the leading players in SUV cars in the future. 2. Costs for new facilities that will be built when entering a new location. Alternative Courses of Action/Analysis of PROs and CONs 1. Build new facility in Japan and continue with its operations in US. Advantages: The latest tsunami tragedy that happened in Japan made other existing companies close out and this is an opportunity for PPQ to lead the industry in Japan. Since PPQ attends to its corporate social responsibility, opening a facility in Japan would be an opportunity to provide jobs to families there. PPQ will be able to gain revenue while also helping people have jobs. Japanese employees are most likely to be more cohesive as compared to their existing employees since they are recovering from their recent tragedy encounter. Disadvantages: The industry in Japan is starting up again and so competing globally may somehow be difficult. Continuous operations in US would mean that PPQ has to work on building their loyalty from their employees so as to increase employee turnover. 2. Build new facility in one of the following countries: India, China or Korea where industry is already growing and continue its operations in US. Advantages: There are more buyers in the said c ountries especially that the SUV industry is heating up in China. Disadvantages: PPQ has to cope up with the existing companies established in any of the said countries. The SUV industry which is growing could also mean that there are several competitors already. Continuous operations in US would mean that PPQ has to work on building their loyalty from their employees so as to increase employee turnover. 3. Focus on opening new facilities in different locations and close its US location since there is very high employee turnover rate already. Advantages: PPQ would no longer need to invest on time, effort and costs on winning their employee loyalty in US region if they will be giving up the said location. Disadvantages: Possible risk will be encountered since PPQ will be investing in a very new location which it has not made operations yet. It will not have another location as a backup or to exchange parts with just in case there is a shortage in the new location. Recommendation It i s recommended that PPQ take ACA#1 which is to invest in Japan to pursue on entering the SUV industry of the said country and work on making it grow there. It should also continue with its current location in US right now and decrease its employee turnover rate. The US location has always been PPQ’s home headquarters and so the company knows the business in the region, the market share and average revenue of PPQ in US is

A Critical Analysis of the Government Strategies for Attracting Dissertation

A Critical Analysis of the Government Strategies for Attracting Foreign Direct investment in Saudi Arabia - Dissertation Example FDI potential is measured by comparing the country’s FDI levels to its economic size. In this regard, Saudi Arabia ranked 138th out of 140 countries in terms of its FDI potential (UNCTAD, 2004). Closing the gap between FDI potential and actual FDI performance is very important to Saudi Arabia because under the leadership of King Abdullah, Saudi Arabian officials have made a commitment to attracting FDI to Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia’s economic plans include the construction of large cities and the enhancement of Saudi Arabia’s global competitiveness. These economic strategies necessitate attracting FDI and foreign partnerships (Blanchard, 2009). In its efforts to liberalise FDI entrants Saudi Arabia repealed its previous investment law and replaced it with the Foreign Investment Law 2000. The new law created a new licensing authority for facilitating the processing and approval of FDIs: Saudi Arabia General Investment Authority (SAGIA) (Foreign Investment Law, 200 0). The idea is to make FDI entry easier and to reduce the time involved in establishing FDIs in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, corporate taxes were reduced from 45% to 30% (Hussein, 2009). This research study analyses the regulatory and policy strategies employed by Saudi Arabia to attract FDI inflows and to minimize FDI outflows with a view to identifying the extent to which these strategies are successful and can be improved to close the gap between FDI performance and FDI potential. ... usion 32 Recommendations 32 Conclusion 35 Bibliography 42 Chapter One Introduction to the Study Research Aims/Objectives Saudi Arabia’s new Foreign Investment Law 2000 is a liberalized approach for attracting FDIs. The new 2000 law is arguably a major improvement over its previous investment law. For instance, unlike the previous law, the 2000 law permits foreigners to own property and projects (Foreign Investment Law, 2000). With the creation of SAGIA, FDIs are processed faster and entrants have greater certainty relative to the FDI criteria for. Moreover, together with the European Union (EU), the US, China, Japan, South Africa and Brazil, Saudi Arabia is among the G20 leaders and has demonstrated a commitment to efficiently and effectively regulating its financial markets (Eichengreen & Baldwin, 2008). In the Middle East, Saudi Arabia’s regulation of its financial markets is among the region’s most advanced. Nevertheless, Saudi Arabia’s regulatory frame work contains a number of restrictions that have the potential to negatively influence FDI performance in Saudi Arabia (International Monetary Fund, 2006). The restrictions on FDIs reveal that although, FDI inflows are remarkable, they can be improved. The aims of this research are therefore to: Identify and analyse Saudi Arabia’s FDI regulatory framework with an emphasis on the Investment Law 2000. To identify and analyse the strengths and weaknesses of Saudi Arabia’s FDI regulatory framework. To determine why Saudi Arabia’s FDI performance is not commensurate with its FDI potential. To identify how and why Saudi Arabia’s FDI regulatory framework facilitates the gap between its FDI performance and its FDI potential. To identify Saudi Arabia’s FDI performance trends and its FDI potential. To

Blood Donation Safety Procedures: An Overview

Blood Donation Safety Procedures: An Overview Qualification of blood donors has become a lengthy and detailed process, a donor inquisition some would say. Yet blood collection depends on this system of safeguards to protect the donor from injury and the recipient from the risks of allogeneic blood. Sensitive screening tests have been considered the cornerstone of blood safety for more than three decades. However, testing represents only one component of this system. Additional layers of safety include following measures:- Detailed donor education programmes prior to recruitment, Pre-donation informational literature, Stringent donor screening selection and deferral procedures, Post-donation product quarantine Donor tracing and notification when instances of disease transmission are detected. Each element plays a role in preventing tainted units from entering the blood inventory. Most transfusion services have developed evidence-based standards and regulations for the selection of donors and quality systems to assure excellence in all phases of their application. Other standards derive from expert opinion and common sense, and these policies need to be revisited as scientific information becomes available. Blood donors should have the following general qualifications:- They should have reached the age of consent, most often 18 years, but 17 in some countries such as the USA and the UK; They should be in good health, They should have no history of serious illness, Must weigh enough to allow safe donation of a unit and not recognize themselves as being at risk of transmitting infection. Ideally, donation should be strictly voluntary and without financial incentive. Some blood services impose an arbitrary upper limit on age, commonly 65 years, or up to age 70 in Denmark and the UK; however, it seems curiously subjective to exclude donors on the basis of age alone if they are otherwise in good health. The Blood Collection Service should provide informational literature for prospective blood donors. After information and counselling about criteria for donor selection, donors should consent in writing to the terms of donation, including the use of the donated  blood, the extent of testing, the use of testing results (including donor notification of positive results) and the future use of any stored specimens. Donors should be told about the possibility of delayed fainting and about other significant risks of the donation procedure. Blood donation has potential medicolegal consequences. If a donor becomes ill shortly after giving blood, the illness may be attributed to blood donation For this reason, among others, it is important to ensure that donors have no history of medical conditions such as brittle diabetes, hypertension, poorly controlled epilepsy and unstable cardiopulmonary disease that might be associated with an adverse event following phlebotomy. Pregnancy might be adversely affected by the donation process and ordinarily excludes a donor. Donors who become ill within 2 weeks of donation should be encouraged to inform the transfusion service, which may wish to discard the donated blood, recall any plasma sent for fractionation or follow up recipients of the blood components as appropriate. Donors who develop hepatitis or HIV infection within 3-6 months of donation should also i nform the Blood Collection Service. Donor interview The donor interview should be conducted by staff trained and qualified to administer questions and evaluate responses. The donor interview should be conducted in a setting sufficiently unhurried and private as to permit discussion of confidential information. With current practices in the USA, approximately 2% of volunteer donors still disclose risks that would have led to deferral at the time of donation. Introduction of standardized and validated questionnaires and the application of interactive computer-assisted audiovisual health history may reduce errors and misinterpretations during conduct of the donor interview. Physical examination Blood collectors perform a limited physical examination designed to protect donor and recipient. Screeners routinely assess the donors general appearance and defer those who do not appear well or are under the influence of alcohol. A normal range of pulse and blood pressure is defined, although variances may be granted for healthy athletes. Body weight and temperature are measured by some collection services. Both arms are examined for evidence of illicit drug use and for lesions at the venepuncture site. Volume of donation The volume of anticoagulant solutions in collection bags is calculated to allow for collection of a particular volume of blood, which, in the UK, is 450  ± 45 ml. In the USA often 500 ml, but in no case more than 10.5 ml/kg including the additional volume of 20-30 ml of blood collected into pilot tubes. From donors weighing 41-50 kg, only 250 ml of blood is collected into bags in which the volume of anticoagulant solution has been appropriately reduced. In some countries, the volume collected routinely is less than 450 ml, for example 350-400 ml in Turkey, Greece and Italy, and 250 ml in some Asian countries such as Japan, where donors tend to be smaller. Record-keeping It should be possible to trace the origin of every blood donation and records should be kept for several years, depending on the guidelines for each country. In many countries, a system employing unique bar-coded eyereadable donation numbers is now in use. This system makes it possible to link each donation to its integral containers and sample tubes and to the particular donor session record. Information concerning previous donations, such as records of blood groups and microbiology screening tests, antibodies detected, donor deferrals and adverse reactions are important for subsequent attendances. Electronic storage of donor information greatly facilitates accurate identification, release, distribution and traceability of units of blood and blood products. An international code, ISBT 128, is intended to be used by all countries for the accurate identification of donors and donations. These records must be protected from accidental destruction, modification or unauthorized access. Frequency of donors in the population Although in many Western countries, some 60% of the population are healthy adults aged 18-65 years and thus qualified to be blood donors, the highest annual frequency of donation in the world corresponds to about 10% of the population eligible to give blood donating once per year, as in Switzerland. The frequency in most developing countries is less than 1% . The number of units collected per 1000 US inhabitants of usual donor age (18-65) was 88.0 in 2001, up from 80.8 in 1999. Although this number compares favourably with the rate of 72.2 per 1000 in 1997, it pales in comparison with the 100 units per 1000 population collected in Switzerland. As treacherous as it may be to interpret these figures, the numbers suggest that US collecting facilities are progressively improving efficiency. Data from the American National Red Cross indicate that the average volunteer donates about 1.7 times a year. Losses from outdated red cells accounted for 5.3% of the supply but, given the fact that r ed cells can be transfused only to compatible recipients, the number of usable units outdated appears to be extremely small. More than 99% of group O units and 97% of group A units were transfused. The shrinking donor pool: the safety vs. availability conundrum Donor deferrals and miscollected units have an increasing role in blood shortages. In a 1-year study at a regional blood centre, nearly 14% of prospective donors were ineligible on the day of presentation and more than 3.8% of donations did not result in the collection of an acceptable quantity of blood. Short-term deferral for low haemoglobin (Hb) was the overwhelming reason for the deferral of female donors in all age groups, representing more than 50% of all short-term deferrals. In first-time female donors, low Hb accounted for 53-67% of deferrals within different age groups, and for repeat female donors 75-80% of deferrals. In both firsttime and repeat male donors aged 40 years and older, the most common reason for short-term deferral was blood pressure or pulse outside allowed limits. For persons aged 16-24 years, regardless of sex and donation  status, the most common reason for lengthy deferral was tattoo, piercing or other non-intravenous drug use needle exposure. For 25- to 39-year-old female donors, needle exposure was also the most common reason, whereas for male donors, travel to a malarial  area was more common. For all ages over 40, the most common reason for long-term deferral was travel to a malarial area. Measures introduced to increase blood safety may  have the unintended consequence of decreasing blood availability. Results from demographic studies indicate that certain donor groups or donor sites present an unacceptable risk of disease transmission. For example, blood collectors no longer schedule mobile drives at prisons or institutions for the disabled because of the recognized high prevalence of transfusion-transmissible viruses. Few would argue the risk-benefit analysis of these exclusions. More questionable were the temporary exclusions of US soldiers exposed to multiple tick bites at Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, and the lengthy deferrals of veterans who served in Iraq and Kuwait because of the fear that they might harbour Leishmania donovani, an agent infrequently associated with transfusion risk. Donors who have received human growth hormone injections have been indefinitely deferred because of the possible risk of transmitting Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease (CJD); however, relatives of patients with sporadic CJD are still deferred in the US (except for preparation of plasma fractions) despite evidence of their safety. There have now been five case-control studies of more than 600 CJD cases, two look-back studies of recipients of CJD products, two autopsy studies of patients with haemophilia and mortality surveillance of 4468 CJD deaths over 16 years without any link to transmission by transfusion (Centers for Bio logic Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration 2002). Although the impact of this deferral on the US blood supply has been negligible, the recent indefinite deferral of donors who resided in the UK for a total of 3 months or longer between 1980 and 1996, and the complicated deferral policy for residents and visitors to the European continent, designed to reduce a calculated risk of transmission of the human variant of mad cow disease (variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, vCJD), has had a substantial impact, a loss of as much as 10% by some estimates, particularly on apheresis donors (Custer et al. 2004). Additional donor exclusions appear to be on the horizon. Donor medications constitute another significant area of deferral losses. Certain medications, for example etretinate (Tegison), isotretinoin (Accutane), acitretin (Soriatane), dutasteride (Avodart) and finasteride (Proscar), have been identified as posing potential risk to transfusion recipients because of their teratogenic potential at low plasma concentrations. Such exclusions have little impact on blood safety but each shrinks the potentially eligible volunteer donor pool. More troublesome, although not as numerous, are donor deferrals resulting from false-positive infectious disease screening tests. This problem has been recognized since the introduction of serological tests for syphilis. However, during the past 15 years, the introduction of new screening tests and testing technologies has resulted in numerous deferrals for questionable test results and either complex re-entry algorithms or no approved method to requalify such donors. Surrogate tests used for screening have pro ved particularly troublesome. However, even specific tests result in inappropriate deferrals. Of initial disease marker-reactive donations, 44% proved to be indeterminate or false positive. Each year an estimated 14000 donors are deferred from donating blood for an indefinite period because of repeatedly reactive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) screening tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), and several hundred donors are deferred for apparently false-positive nucleic acid testing (NAT) results. Registry of bone marrow donors Voluntary blood donors are highly suitable to become bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell donors for unrelated recipients, and many transfusion services now recruit them for this purpose. From its founding in 1986 until August 2003, the National Marrow Donor Program in the USA had registered more than 5 million bone marrow and blood stem cell donors, and Bone Marrow Donors Worldwide in the Netherlands records more than 8 million donors from 51 registries in 38 countries. Standards for acceptance of stem cell donors are based on blood donor eligibility. A uniform donor history is being developed. Conditions that may disqualify a donor Carriage of transmissible diseases The most important infectious agents transmissible by transfusion are the hepatitis viruses B and C, HIV, human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs), bacteria and the agents causing malaria and Chagas disease. Increasing attention is being paid to the risks of emerging agents and newly recognized infectious risks of transfusion such as West Nile virus, babesiosis and vCJD. Steps that should be taken to minimize the risk of infecting recipients with the agents of these and other diseases involve exclusion based on geographical residence, signs and symptoms of disease, high-risk activity and demographics associated with risk transmission. Donors who have been exposed to an infectious disease and are at risk of developing it should be deferred for at least the length of the incubation period. Recent inoculations, vaccinations, etc. To avoid the possibility of transmitting live viruses (e.g. those of measles, mumps, rubella, Sabin oral polio vaccine, yellow fever, smallpox), donors should not give blood during the 3 weeks following vaccination. In subjects immunized with killed microbes or with antigens (cholera, influenza, typhoid, hepatitis A and B, Salk polio, rabies, anthrax, tick-borne and Japanese encephalitis) or toxoids (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis), the interval is normally only 48 h. These recommendations apply if the donor is well following vaccination. Plasma from recently immunized donors may be useful for the manufacture of specific immunoglobulin preparations. Donors who have received immunoglobulins after exposure to infectious agents should not give blood for a period slightly longer than the incubation period of the disease in question. If hepatitis B immunoglobulin has been given after exposure to the virus, donation should be deferred for 9 months to 1 year; similarly, if tetanus immunoglo bulin has been given, donation  should be deferred for 4 weeks. When rabies vaccination follows a bite by a rabid animal, blood donations should be suspended for 1 year. In developed countries, tetanus and diphtheria immunoglobulin is derived from human sources. However, horse serum is still  used in some parts of the world. Donors who have received an injection of horse serum within the previous 3 weeks should not donate blood because traces of horse serum in their blood might harm an allergic recipient. The administration of normal human immunoglobulin before travelling to countries where hepatitis A is endemic is not a cause for deferral. Group O subjects may develop very potent haemolytic anti-A following an injection of tetanus toxoid, typhoid-paratyphoid (TAB), vaccine or pepsindigested horse serum, which may contain traces of hog pepsin. In the past, the use of such subjects as universal donors sometimes led to severe haemolytic transfusion reactions in group A subjects. Platelet concentrates collected by apheresis from subjects with hyperimmune anti-A should not be used for transfusion to group A or AB patients in view of the large volume of plasma needed to suspend the platelet concentrate. Ear-piercing, electrolysis, tattooing, acupuncture   All of these procedures carry a risk of transmission of hepatitis or HIV infection when the equipment used is not disposable or sterilized, and blood donation should then be deferred for 12 months. In the UK, donors are accepted if the acupuncture is performed by a registered medical practitioner or in a hospital. Although  the association between tattooing and exposure to hepatitis C is generally acknowledged, less clear is whether a tattoo performed by licensed and inspected facilities carries more risk than a trip to the dentists surgery. Allergic subjects Subjects who suffer from very severe allergy are unacceptable as donors because their hypersensitivity may be passively transferred to the recipient for a short period. Subjects with seasonal allergy (e.g. hay fever) may donate when not in an active  phase of their hypersensitivity. A screening test for immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies would not help to identify those allergic individuals with an increased chance of passively transferring their hypersensitivity. Blood transfusions and tissue grafts Donations should not be accepted for at least 12 months after the subject has received blood, blood components or grafts. Increasingly, donors who have received transfusion in the UK are being deferred indefinitely as a precaution against transmission of vCJD. Surgery and dental treatment When surgery has been carried out without blood transfusion, donation may be considered when the subject has fully recovered. Uncomplicated dental treatments and extractions should not be a cause for prolonged deferral, as utensils are sterilized and the  risk of bacteraemia persisting for more than 1 h is negligible. Medication Many subjects taking medication are not suitable as donors because of their underlying medical condition. Others are unsuitable as donors because the drugs they are taking, for example anticoagulants or cytotoxic agents, may harm the recipients. Subjects who have taken aspirin within the previous week are unsuitable when theirs are the only platelets to be given to a particular recipient. Ingestion of oral contraceptives or replacement hormones such as thyroxine is not a disqualification for blood donation. On the other hand, recipients of human growth hormone (non-recombinant) should be permanently deferred from blood donation as should subjects who have used illicit injected drugs. Deferral for specific medication use is usually an issue of medical discretion. Donors with relatively minor red cell abnormalities In some populations, a considerable number of donors have an inherited red cell abnormality. The three conditions most likely to be encountered are: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, sickle trait (HbAS) and thalassaemia trait. G-6-PD deficiency. This is the most common red cell enzyme defect; hundreds of molecular variants have been catalogued. Although most G-6-PD-deficient red cells have only slightly subnormal survival and lose viability on storage with adenine at only a slightly increased rate (Orlina et al. 1970), some enzyme variants render the cells unsuitable for transfusion. With the African variant GdA- present in 10% of African  Americans, a relatively small number of red cells are severely affected. However, the Mediterranean variant GdMediterranean and others render the red cell particularly  sensitive to oxidative stress. If the recipient of one of these units develops an infectious illness or ingests fava beans or one of any number of drugs (ph enacetin, sulfonamides, vitamin K, primaquine, etc.), rapid destruction of the donors G-6-PD-deficient cells may  result. Neonatologists avoid using G-6-PD-deficient blood for exchange transfusion, and subjects who have evidenced G-6-PD-related haemolysis should be permanently deferred from donation (Beutler 1994). Sickle trait (HbAS). Sickle trait red cells survive normally in healthy subjects, even after storage. However,  in patients subject to various types of hypoxic stress, these cells survive poorly. HbS polymerizes at low oxygen tension and the cells are trapped in the spleen. Blood from donors with sickle cell trait should not be used for infants or for patients with  sickle cell disease who undergo exchange transfusion. Patients, other than those with sickle Hb, who require general anaesthesia should have no problems if transfused  with HbAS red cells provided that adequate oxygenation is maintained. Red cells from subjects with HbAS are usually unaffected by collection via apheresis,  but those with sickling haemoglobinopathies should not donate by apheresis and are not suitable for intraoperative salvage. If blood from donors with sickle cell trait is  glycerolized for storage in the frozen state, extra wash solution must be used during the deglycerolization procedure. Sickle trait prevents ef fectiveWBC reduction by filtration. Thalassaemia trait This is associated with little or no reduction in red cell lifespan in most subjects with a normal Hb concentration and these subjects may be accepted as donors. Special conditions in which normally disqualified donors may donate In some circumstances, a donor may give blood or components to be used for a special purpose, even although the requirements for normal donation are not met. For example, a donor who is mildly anaemic or who has recently given birth may give plasma or  platelets by apheresis; the plasma may be needed for reagent preparation, for example HLA antibodies, or the platelets may be needed for transfusion to the newborn infant. Donors at risk for carrying malaria may give plasma for fractionation. The usual interval  between donations may be waived for important medical indications. The donor age limitation and a number of other screening criteria may be modified for components directed to the recipient of the donors bone marrow. In every case, medical evaluation should ensure that there is no increased risk to the donors health and that the value of the component outweighs any perceived increase in risk. Under these circumstances, informed consent regarding the variance and documentati on of the circumstances is mandatory. Donation of whole blood Frequency of donation The volume lost from a single unit donation is replaced within 48-72 h. Red cell mass recovers more slowly, requiring 3-6 weeks. Some collection services bleed donors no more than two or three times a year; most do not bleed women who are pregnant or those who have been pregnant within the previous 6 weeks. The primary objective of this policy is to protect the donor from iron deficiency. There is a wide variation in the recommended minimum interval between donations. For example in the US, in line with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, the interval can be as short as 8 weeks and a maximum of 3 l of blood per year may be collected. Premenopausal women should not donate as frequently as men. In the Netherlands, men are bled every 3 months and women every 6 months. Because few red cells are lost during platelet and plasmapheresis, these procedures may be performed more often and at shorter intervals. Standards vary by country; in the USA plateletpheresis donors may be dr awn every 48 h up to twice per week and 24 times per year. Commercial plasmapheresis donors are bled even more frequently; however, physical examination is more rigorous and laboratory testing more extensive for these donors. As combinations of components, such as two-unit red cells, are drawn by apheresis, volumes and intervals become individualized, but generally limited by the loss of red cells. Hb regeneration after normal blood donation In 14 normal healthy subjects bled of about 400 ml of blood (8% of their blood volume), circulating reticulocytes increased minimally but significantly and peaked on the ninth day after bleeding. The Hb level was lowest 1 or 2 weeks after bleeding, and increased rapidly thereafter, reaching predonation levels at 3-4 weeks (Fig. 1.1). In a study in which total red cell volumes were measured in subjects who had donated about 190 ml of red cells, about 50 ml of red cells were restored after 1 week and restoration was  almost complete at 6 weeks. Potential health benefits of blood donation For the volunteer donor, the chief benefit lies in the satisfaction of selfless concern for the welfare of others. However, two studies suggest that there may be more tangible health benefits, particularly for middle-aged men, such as lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. The proffered explanation derives from the so-called iron hypothesis: menstrual iron loss protects women against cardiovascular disease; iron stores correlate with cardiovascular disease across European populations and heart failure is a hallmark of disorders of iron surplus (Sullivan 1981). One proposed mechanism for this association is generation of oxygen free radicals that induce oxidation of lipids. However  the Johns Hopkins Hospital autopsy registry found less coronary artery disease in hearts from patients with haemochromatosis and haemosiderosis than in hearts of age- and sex-matched controls. Salonen and co-workers (1998) conducted a prospective 9-year follow-up study of 2862 men aged 42-60 from eastern Finland, who had participated in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. Only one man out of 153 who had donated blood in the 24 months prior to baseline examination suffered a myocardial infarction, compared  with 316 (12.5%) of the 2529 non-donors. Meyers and co-workers (1997) compared the rate of cardiovascular events of 665 blood donors with that of  3200 non-donors in a telephone survey of a cohort selected from the Nebraska Diet Heart Survey. By multivariate analysis, non-smoking men who had donated at least once in the previous 3 years had a significantly lowered risk of cardiovascular events; no additional benefit was derived from longer or more frequent donation. Directed donations are those given exclusively for named patients, usually by relatives or friends. The use of directed donations contravenes the normal principles of voluntary blood donation, fails to increase  safety and finds medical justification in vanishingly few circumstances: in patients with rare blood groups when the only available compatible donors may be close relatives; in occasional patients awaiting renal transplants, for whom donor-specific transfusions may still play a role; in infants with neonatal alloimmune  thrombocytopenia or haemolytic disease of the newborn, for whom maternal platelets or red cells are occasionally invaluable; (4) in children requiring open-heart or extensive orthopaedic surgery, for whom the total requirements for blood and components can be collected preoperatively, as for autologous transfusion but from designated relatives or parents, thus minimizing the number of donor units to which the children are exposed in  patients with leukaemia in relapse after bone marrow transplantation, for whom donor leucocytes are used as adoptive immunotherapy to induce graft-versusleukaemia  (GvL) effect. The practice of transfusing parental blood to premature newborn infants is not without risks. Mothers may have antibodies against antigens (inherited from the father) on the infants red cells, platelets or white cells and maternal plasma should not be used. Fathers should not serve as cell donors because they may have antigens present on their red cells, which are incompatible with maternally derived antibodies present in  the fetus. Moreover, in view of partial histocompatibility, transfusion of cells from parents and close relatives may result in graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in  the infants, or older children, especially if the infants are immunodeficient. Circumstances such as these, in which blood or platelet suspensions should be irradiated, are described in. The practice of transfusing parents with blood from their offspring can also be dangerous. Fatal GvHD occurred in two immunocompetent adult patients who  were transfused with fresh whole non-irradiated blood from their children during cardiac surgery. In both cases, one of the donors was homozygous for one of the recipients HLA haplotypes. When such transfusions are indicated, and except for instances in which adoptive immunotherapy is intended, the components should be treated with 25 Gy gamma irradiation. People who donate for friends and family lose their  anonymity and may be subject to influences not placed upon community donors. Such donors may provide less than candid answers to sensitive donor questions, either because they believe that unsafe blood will inevitably be detected by testing procedures or because they wish to conceal information from the recipient or the blood collector.

Interpretation Project

So you also must be ready, because the Son of Man will come at an hour when you do not expect him† (Lucas, New Kings James Version). Jesus shares Insight for humanity prior to HIS return, In efforts that mankind may be prepared to receive the Lord and not be deceived. If people use consideration when interpreting God's meaning and not personal interpretations, the true message can be revealed. According to Journey into God's Word, â€Å"We believe that the way to approach the Bible (I. E. , the way we listen to God) should match how God gives us the Bible (I. E. , chose to speaks' (Devalue & Hayes, 2008, p. 0). This short story ay be viewed as Jesus being Like a thief and coming at an unexpected time; discovered. Jesus provides all humanity with the necessary preparations for the end times. Jesus reveals His love and concern for humanity by revealing signs of the tribulation. â€Å"Nation will rise against nation†¦ There will be famines and earthquakes†¦ † (Ma tt. 24:7). These are given in efforts to bring awareness that until these pass, the end is not here. Jesus will be returning at an unknown day, hour, and season. His return is not even known to â€Å"†¦ Angels, nor the Son, only the Father† (Matt. 4:36). He includes warnings and precautions. Jesus warns against false teachings, and prophets that will arise and claim to be the messiah. Man is to be cautious that he is not lead astray by the â€Å"thief† that will come to deceive. Jesus uses the parable of the thief and the master of the house. If mankind knows when His return will be, man would most likely live in darkness until the time approached. Then deception would be avoided by waiting for the very day and hour of His return and many may not accept Him until the last minute and not spread the Gospel until the end times.As stories are mentioned, people read the parable regarding the fig tree and fleet on the prophecy spoken in Daniel; these are pieces of the a rmor of God to keep the â€Å"elect† from being deceived by the true deceiver. â€Å"So when you see standing in the holy place the abomination that causes desolation'†¦ † (Matt. 24:15,). People who know God will know this is the â€Å"thief† that has come to steal salvation. As many become like the parable of the fig tree, they become fruitless and the Word of God will have been spoken and not heard. This is when the time to watch that The Lord will be arriving soon after these things has been fulfilled.He then shares with us the story of Noah. This story is included to reveal the swiftness of His return. Any who have lived an ungodly life â€Å"as determined by the Son of Man† will be cast among the hypocrites (Matt. 24:51). Jesus desires humanity to accept the gift of salvation and live unto Him; only by adhering to these warnings can mankind be prepared for the Lord's return.

Ophelia Parker’s Moment with Chanel

They wore soft fur coats; shiny, ivory colored pearls upon their necks; slinky satin dresses; and carefully crafted leather high heeled shoes. These ere the rich and famous women of the Big Apple, the Broadway actresses, the wives of millionaires, or as I called them, the â€Å"Fur Coat Ladies. † They all exuded glamour, which l, Aphelia Parker, wanted more than anything. But instead of that, I got living in a middle class environment and going to a regular high school.But I was lucky enough to marry my high school sweetheart, James Richard Parker. We were madly in love, so it was pretty easy to convince him to save up enough money for a honeymoon in Paris, France. Honeymooning in Paris is exciting by itself, but I had no idea what amazing opportunity it had in store for me. On February 5, 1954, at around nine in the morning, I went on a walk by myself through town. Except this was not the town I usually walked through, for it was Paris, France.I was aware of the fact that Coc o Channel, also known as my role model, was holding her well anticipated comeback show in Paris that day. I wanted to get a ticket, but they were sold out. As I walked past the venue of the show, there were already many well-dressed people, most of them with cameras and notepads, hoping to sneak a peek at the new collection. And that was when I Molly FOX @02927528 saw her: the most glamorous woman in the world, the woman to whom I looked up the most, Coco Channel, was within walking distance of me.I was staring intensely at her impeccable outfit: a small, black wool hat, a glossy pair of pearl drop earrings that were matched up with an even glossier pearl necklace, a black and white tweed skirt suit, a silky black shirt, sheer black stockings, and carefully crafted leather high heeled shoes. I then saw her pointing at me and a feeling of fear quickly came over me. Immediately after that, Coco and a young man in a well-tailored suit walked over to me. The man asked me, in French, if I could model, and being fluent in French, I answered that I could.Coco and the man told me to come with them, and before I knew it, I was whisked into the magical world of fashion. The scenario that was occurring at Coco's show was that one of her models had abruptly fallen ill, and I was literally pulled from the streets to take her place. While standing nervously backstage, I was handed one of the most flawless outfits I had ever seen: a perfectly stitched Ana suit. It contained a box Jacket and pants; a matching Ana bootee made of cotton; a crisp, white button down shirt; and carefully crafted leather high heeled shoes.I was told not only that this is the outfit that I would be wearing onstage but that I would be the first model to walk across the runway! All I had to do was simply walk to the end of the runway, turn around, and walk backstage. That is exactly what I did when it was time to do so. I can still vividly remember the hot, bright stage light shining down on me as if it was the Sun, the licked-clack of the high heeled shoes on the smooth runway, and the feeling of hundreds of pairs of eyes fixated on me, a regular girl from the United States of America, modeling in Coco Channel's comeback show in Paris.After Coco gave me 400 Euros for filling in for the sick model, I resumed my honeymoon with James. When we got back to New York City, I went back to witnessing at an Italian restaurant, and he went back to work in construction. We eventually got teaching Jobs at our old high school, with James teaching mathematics and me teaching French. I was also the proud owner of a youth theater until I sold it in 1992, which was also the year I retired from teaching.Two of its biggest stars were my daughters, Betty and Sally, who both went on to be actresses on Broadway. James passed away yesterday morning in his sleep, and while going through his belongings, I discovered the pictures of our honeymoon, bringing me back to this experience. It made me realize t hat even though I never became a â€Å"Fur Coat Lady,† being the first model in Coco Channel's comeback show was Just as great in my opinion. Ophelia Parker’s Moment with Chanel These were the rich and famous women of the Big Apple, the Broadway actresses, the wives of millionaires, or as I called them, the â€Å"Fur Coat Ladies. † They all exuded glamour, which I, Aphelia Parker, wanted more than anything. But Instead of that, I got living In a middle class environment and going to a regular high school. But I was lucky enough to marry my high school sweetheart, James Richard Parker. We were madly In love, so It was pretty easy to convince him to save up enough money for a honeymoon in Paris, France. Honeymooning in Paris Is excellent by Itself, but I had no Idea what amazing opportunity it had in store for me.On February 5, 1954, at around nine in the morning, I went on a walk by myself through town. Except this was not the town I usually walked through, for it was Paris, France. I was aware of the fact that Coco Channel, also known as my role model, was holding her well anticipated comeback show in Paris that day. I wanted to get a ticket, but they were sold out. As I walked past the venue of the show, there were already any well-dressed people, most of them with cameras and notepads, hoping to sneak a peek at the new collection.And that was when I Molly saw her: the most glamorous woman In the world, the woman to whom I looked up the most, Coco Channel, was within walking distance of me. I was staring intensely at her impeccable outfit: a small, black wool hat, a glossy pair of pearl drop earrings that were matched up with an even glossier pearl necklace, a black and white tweed skirt suit, a silky black shirt, sheer black stockings, and carefully crafted leather high led shoes. I then saw her pointing at me and a feeling of fear quickly came over me. Immediately after that, Coco and a young man in a well-tailored suit walked over to me.The man asked me, in French, if I could model, and being fluent in French, I answered that I could. Coco and the man told me to come with them, and before I knew It, I was whisked Into the ma gical world of fashion. The scenario that was occurring at Cocas show was that one of her models had abruptly fallen Ill, and I was literally pulled from the streets to take her place. While tanning nervously backstage, I was handed one of the most flawless outfits I had ever seen: a perfectly stitched Ana suit. It contained a box jacket and pants; a crafted leather high heeled shoes.I was told not only that this is the outfit that I would be wearing onstage but that I would be the first model to walk across the runway! All I had to do was simply walk to the end of the runway, turn around, and walk backstage. That is exactly what I did when it was time to do so. I can still vividly remember the hot, bright stage light shining down on me as if it was the Sun, the illicit-clack of the high heeled shoes on the smooth runway, and the feeling of hundreds of pairs of eyes fixated on me, a regular girl from the United States of America, modeling in Coco Channel's comeback show in Paris. Af ter Coco gave me 400 Euros for filling in for the sick model, I resumed my honeymoon with James. When we got back to New York City, I went back to witnessing at an Italian restaurant, and he went back to work in construction. We eventually got teaching Jobs at our old high school, with James teaching mathematics ND me teaching French. I was also the proud owner of a youth theater until I sold it in 1992, which was also the year I retired from teaching.Two of its biggest stars were my daughters, Betty and Sally, who both went on to be actresses on Broadway. James passed away yesterday morning in his sleep, and while going through his belongings, I discovered the pictures of our honeymoon, bringing me back to this experience. It made me realize that even though I never became a â€Å"Fur Coat Lady,† being the first model in Coco Channel's comeback show was Just as great in my opinion.